Т «rtito

Control Yourself REVIEW OF UNITS 10-12

Choose the correct variant.

1. Devices intended for light framing are made of

a) sheet metal.

b) metal plate.

2. Devices made of metal plate are used

a) for heavy timber.

b) for light framing.

3. Wood fasteners include

a) nails and bolts.

b) nails, screws, bolts, anchors.

4. Steel used for nails

a) is uncoated steel.

b) is coated steel.

5. The main property of finish nails is

a) that they have flat heads.

b) that they are headless.

6. Finish nails

a) differ in length from common nails.

b) are the same length as common nails.

7. Nails of a corrosion- resistant type

a) cannot be exposed to moisture.

b) can be exposed to rain, snow and fog.

8. Nails are popular for fastening wood since

a) they are simple to insert.

b) they require no predrilling of holes.

9. Screws have

a) only flat heads.

b) round, flat, and raised heads.

10. Screws are

a) little used in light framing.

b) much used in light framing.

11. Screws

a) cannot be reinserted.

b) can be reinserted.

12. The roof serves

a) for ornamental purposes.

b) for protecting the interior of the building.

Control Yourself. Review of Units 10-12

13. The pitched roofs

a) do not dry themselves quickly of water.

b) dry themselves quickly of water.

14. The covering of pitched roofs consists of

a) small individual units.

b) large heavy units.

15. The advantages of flat roofs are

a) that they can cover very broad buildings.

b) that they can serve as balconies and decks.

16. Thatched roofing is mostly used

a) for country buildings.

b) for roofs in big cities.

c) for historically restorated buildings.

17. The action of snow load and wind pressure

a) is the same on flat roofs and pitched ones.

b) is quite different on flat roofs and pitched ones.

18. The snow load on flat roofs

a) is at the minimum.

b) is at the maximum.

19. When the pitch of the roof increases

a) the weight of the snow load decreases.

b) the weight of the snow load increases.

20. In modern constructions the variants of the ceilings are

a) limited.

b) limitless.

21. Nowadays ceilings are produced of

a) artificial materials.

b) both natural and artificial materials.

22. Ceilings may be attached to

a) wood joists.

b) wood joists, steel joists, and wood rafters.

23. Suspended ceilings are produced of

a) various boards made of fibers.

b) gypsum, board, plaster and boards made of fibers.

24. Mechanical and electrical systems

a) can be subject to frequent change and damage.

b) are never subject to frequent change and damage.

What is the English for:

Укрепите груз! Заделайте ящик! Не стойте под грузом!

7*

Unit Thirteen

WALLS

Parti

Master the key terms and head words.

compartment - квартира, купе, partition - перегородка, внут-

помещение ренняя стена /

gross — полный, взятый целиком stud — косяк, стойка masonry - каменный

188. Put down the corresponding verbs. Translate the words.
Model: extension - to extend

transmission —to_____________________

isolation — to_____________________

division - to______________________

restriction — to_____________________

employment —to_____________________

189. Put down the combinations with the opposite meaning.
Model: internal construction - external construction

upper floor —____________________

small units —____________________

below the level -______________________

demountable frame —____________________

low standards —____________________

interior partition —__________________

190. Translate the examples into Russian.

Model: self-closing — закрывающийся автоматически

self-service —__________________

self-supplying -____________________

self-supporting —___________________

self-guarded —___________________

self-control —__________________

self-discipline -____________________

self-respect —_________________

191. Read the following terminological combinations. Translate them from Russian,
water-tight partition — водонепроницаемая перегородка

Unit Thirteen. Walls

masonry cement — цемент для каменной кладки partition wall — промежуточная стена masonry shaft — шахта с кирпичной кладкой

Choose and put down the English combinations a) corresponding to the Russian ones b).

a) water engineer, water-tight tower, masonry bridge, water cooling, water supply, water piping, water content, water level, water heater

b) Model: water cooling - охлаждение водой

_______________ — уровень воды

_______________ - инженер-гидравлик

_______________ — содержание воды

_______________ — водонагреватель

______________ - водопровод

_______________ — водонепроницаемая башня

_______________ — водоснабжение

_______________ — каменный мост

192. Translate the following terminological combinations into Russian.

gross floor-area simple surface floor/roof loads

structural strength internal wall

steel studs employed units

Read and translate the article.

Classification and design of walls are divided into two categories: ex­ternal and internal construction. They possess different functions. The function of external walls is to support the upper floors and roof. The units employed for construction of walls are brick, timber, or stone masonry. As to interior walls they are mostly self-supporting. Their main function is dividing the space of the construction. They divide the gross floor area of a building into smaller units — compartments, or rooms. Their next func­tion may be to transmit floor/roof loads to a foundation. The construc­tional form for internal walls may be concrete block, timber frame, or stud, and demountable frame. If a high standard of fire resistance is required, bricks may also be used to construct internal walls.

Interior walls and partitions have simple surfaces but materials they are made of should be carefully chosen and combined. Their function is to guarantee structural strength, fire resistance, durability and acoustical iso­lation. An internal wall may be framed and the framing materials may be steel or wood studs.

Essential Course

Unit Thirteen. Walls

Part 2

stair — ступенька stairs — лестница stairway - лестничное отделение

/

193. Put down the corresponding verb. Translate the words. Model: pressure — to press - жать, выжимать

occupancy -to____________________ -____________________

enclosure - to___________________ -____________________

prevention —to___________________ —___________________

restriction — to_________________ —___________________

separation - to__________________ -____________________

extension - to

multi- - в сложных словах много-multimillionaire — мультимиллионер multiform — многообразный

194. a) Read the following combinations. Translate them from Russian, exit opening — запасной выход exit pipe — выпускная труба multiform choice — многообразный выбор shaft partition - шахтная перегородка

b) Read and translate into Russian.

multistory open space spread of fire wired glass exitway corridor

Read the article. Translate it into Russian.

Fire MaUs

The function of a fire wall is to form a required separation in order to restrict the spread of fire through a building.

Every fire wall should extend from the foundation of a building to its roof. Every fire wall is supplied with an opening. It is of great importance to note that openings should be strictly restricted in size. Besides they must be closed with fire doors or wired glass.

A fire separation wall, like a fire wall, forms a required separation to restrict the spread of fire through a building. But, unlike a fire wall, a fire separation wall does not extend from foundation to roof. Openings in fire separation walls are also restricted in size and must be closed with fire doors or wired glass.

Fire separation walls are used to divide a building between mixed occupancies and for enclosure of stairways and exitway corridors.

Shaft walls are used to enclose a multistory open space in a building. To shaft walls belong elevator shafts, conduits, or pipes.

Walls for elevator shafts must be strong enough to bear air pressure and loads placed on them by the movements of the elevator cars within the shaft. Also, it is of importance to note that the noise of elevator machinery must be prevented from reaching other areas of the building.

195. Pair work. Put these questions to your groupmate. Let her/him answer them.

1. What is the function of a fire wall?

2. What should every fire wall be supplied with?

3. What are openings be closed with?

4. What is the main difference between a fire wall and a fire separation wall?

5. What do fire separation walls divide?

6. What units belong to shaft walls?

7. What requirements must walls for elevator shafts satisfy?