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Forming the passive.




Tense
Structure Examples
Simple Present
Am/is/are + past participle(V3) Italian is spoken in Italy.
Present Progressive.
Am/is/are + being + past participle(V3) The house is being painted.
Simple Past
Was/were + past participle(V3) I was invited to the party.
Past Progressive
Was/were + past participle(V3) I felt I was being watched.
Present Perfect
Have/has+ been + past participle(V3) Has the book been read?
Past Perfect
Had been + past participle(V3) I knew I had been forgotten.
Will future.
Will be + past participle(V3) He will be told soon.
Future Perfect
Will have been + past participle(V3) Everything will have been done by Monday.
Going to Future
Am/is/are going to be + past participle(V3) Who is going to be invited?

It is said that… He is said to…

It is said that he is 95 years old. = He is said to be 95 years old.

These sentencesmean: People say that he is 95 years old. We can use these structures with a number of verbs: believed, considered, expected, known, reported, thought, understood. It is expected that the strike will end soon. = The strike is expected to end soon.

Some verbs are not used in passive voice: die, arrive, fit, have, lack, suit, resemble, agree etc. He has a nice house. (But not! A nice house is had by them) My shoes don’t fit me (But not!I’m not fitted by my shoes.).

The Passive form of modals.

Active voice Passive voice Modal + be + past participle
1. They will invite Marat to the picnic. 1. Marat will be invited to the picnic.
2. He can’t open the door. 2. The door can’t be opened.
3. Parents should teach children to respect. 3. Children should be taught to respect the elders.
4. I had better return this book to the library. 4. This book had better be returned to the library.
5. You ought to send the telegram right away. 5. This telegram ought to be sent right away.
6. You have to tell Alina about his plans. 6. Alina has to be told about his plans
Active voice The Past Passive form Modal + have been + past participle.
1. I should have sent the book last week. 1. The book should have been sent last week
2. They must have built this house over 100 years ago. 2. This house must have been built over 100 years ago.
3. She ought to have invited Saule to the party. 3. Saule ought to have been invited to the party.

 

Have something done.

We use have something done to say that we arrange for somebody else to do something for us.

Nazgul repaired the roof. ( = she repaired it herself)

Nazgul hadthe roof repaired. ( = she arranged for somebody else to repair it.) Where did you haveyour hair cut?

How often do you have your car serviced?

Our neighbor has just hada garage built.


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