Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.

Тема: Поисковое чтение с целью определения наличия в тексте запрашиваемой информации Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.

Crop alteration and biotechnology
1. Crop alteration has been practiced by humankind for thousands of years, since the beginning of civilization. Altering crops through breeding practices changes the genetic make-up of a plant to develop crops with more beneficial characteristics for humans, for example, larger fruits or seeds, drought-tolerance, or resistance to pests.
2. Crop breeding includes techniques such as plant selection with desirable traits, self-pollination and cross-pollination, and molecular techniques that genetically modify the organism. Domestication of plants has, over the centuries increased yield, improved disease resistance and drought tolerance, eased harvest and improved the taste and nutritional value of crop plants.
3. Careful selection and breeding have had enormous effects on the characteristics of crop plants. The green revolution popularized the use of conventional hybridization to increase yield many folds by creating «high-yielding varieties». For example, average yields of corn (maize) in the USA have increased from around 2.5 tons per hectare (t/ha) (40 bushels per acre) in 1900 to about 9.4 t/ha (150 bushels per acre) in 2001. Variations in yields are due mainly to variation in climate, genetics, and the level of intensive farming techniques.

Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.

			People domesticate plants for the purpose of increasing the crop capacity.
			Domestication of plants enables to increase yield in spite of environmental conditions.
			Crop breeding can do without the genetic change of the composition of a plant.
			Domestication belongs to a natural selection process under the human guidance.

Ответьте на вопрос
What technique of artificial crop breeding is proved in a practical manner?

			Molecular technique that genetically modifies the plant enables to grow crops with more beneficial characteristics.
			Domestication of plants can be affected by some unpredictable factors, for example, negative influence of environment.
			For thousands of years, since the beginning of civilization people try to increase crop yield by intensive farming techniques.
			People have practiced the technology of crop alteration for thousands of years, since they began to grow crop in large scope.

Решение: Для того чтобы правильно выполнить задание, следует знать алгоритм обработки текстовой информации при изучающем чтении, уметь анализировать получаемую информацию и, читая текст, находить ответ на поставленный вопрос. Правильный ответ на вопрос «Какая технология искусственного разведения растений подтверждена на практике?» – «Molecular technique that genetically modifies the plant enables to grow crops with more beneficial characteristics» («Молекулярная технология, которая изменяет генетику растения, позволяет выращивать культуры с более полезными характеристиками»), поскольку, согласно тексту: «The green revolution popularized the use of conventional hybridization (genetic modification of plants) to increase yield many folds by creating “high-yielding varieties”. For example, average yields of corn (maize) in the USA have increased from around 2.5 tons per hectare… in 1900 to about 9.4 t/ha… in 2001» («Зеленая революция популяризировала использование обычной гибридизации (генетическое изменение растений) для повышения урожайности в несколько раз создавая “высокоурожайные сорта”. Например, средняя урожайность кукурузы (маиса) в США увеличилась с 2,5 т/га… в 1900 году до 9,4 т/га… в 2001 году») (фрагмент 3).