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Exercise2. Change the sentences from active to passive if possible
1. Doctors use this medicine widely. 2. They deliver milk before 8 a.m. 3. When I came to the service station, they were still repairing my car. 4. Jack walked to school yesterday. 5. Don't worry, our people will meet the group at the airport. 6. This man is installing a new xerox in the office. 7. We stayed in a three-star hotel. 8. The police arrested the wrong man mainly because they confused the names which the witness had given them. 9. They threw him into prison and deprived him of his property. 10. The leaves fell to the ground. 11. Have you received the message yet? 12. People are destroying large areas of forest every day. 13. Mary's cat ran away last week. 14.1 hope they will have completed the repairs by tomorrow. 15. Some people were using the tennis court, so we couldn't play. 16. No one has solved that problem yet. 17. Did someone invite you to the party? 18.1 agree with you, gentlemen. 19. This news surprised me. 20. Mr. Lee will teach this class.
Exercise3. Translate into English.
1. Нам объяснили, как работает аппарат. 2. Его так хорошо описали, что мы сразу поняли, что это он. 3. Письмо было продиктовано мне по телефону. 4. Об этом законе физики лишь упомянули, он не был объяснен студентам. 5. Тебе когда-нибудь объясняли значение этих слов? 6. Сообщение повторялось каждые полчаса. 7. Им указали на их недостойное поведение. 8. Заказчикам предложили новые условия контракта. 9. На днях вам было указано на эту проблему. 10. Вся информация будет записана для нас автоответчиком.
Unit 4
Theme: Verbals: The infinitive
Rules:
The verb exists through a variety of grammatical forms that perform different syntactic functions.
According to their syntactic position verbal forms are divided into two main groups: finite (личные) and non-finite or verbals (неличные).
Finite verbal forms always function as predicate. They show a particular mood and tense and are linked to subject and agree with it in person and number. I am a teacher. He is at school. She reads much.
The non-finite verbal forms or verbals — the present participle or Participle I, the Past Participle or Participle II, the gerund and the infinitive can never be predicate in a sentence and thus have no grammatical subject. But they may perform predicative function, that is be part of a predicate in association with finite verbal forms. For example: He is watching TV. The house is built. The book has been read. My aim is to master English.
The verbals combine some characteristics of a verb with those of some other part of speech. Thus the gerund and infinitive have besides verbal characteristics some noun features and therefore may function as subject and object: Reading English books in the original requires an extensive vocabulary.(subject) I remember hearing it before.(object) To read English books in the original is a difficult task for a beginner. (subject) I learned to read at the age of four.(object)
The Participle has the characteristics of both verb and adjective and sometimes of verb and adverb. This results in the syntactic functions of attribute and adverbial modifier: Barking dogs never bite. The broken cup was on the table,(attribute) She always does her homework watching TV.(adverbial modifier)
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