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Past Simple и Present Perfect




Past Simple Present Perfect
1. Когда важно время совершения действия. He bought his new car two weeks ago. 1. Когда важен результат, а не время совершения действия. He has bought his car.
2. Для выражения ряда последовательных прошедших действий. I got up, washed, dressed, had breakfast and went to school. 2. Для выражения действия, совершённого к моменту речи, и результат действия имеется сейчас. He has just drawn his picture.
3. Для выражения обычного повторяющегося действия в прошлом.   Last year I often played chess. 3. Для выражения действия, начавшегося в известный момент в прошлом и продолжающегося до настоящего момента. He has lived in Moscow for three years. (Он всё ещё живёт в Москве сейчас.) Сравните: He lived in Moscow for three years. (Он сейчас не живёт в Москве.)
4. Для выражения действия, совершённого в прошлом и ничем не связанного с настоящим, время не указывается, а подразумевается. Shakespeare wrote a lot of plays. 4. Действие произошло в прошлом и связано с настоящим. He has lost his keys. ( У него сейчас их нет.)
5. С наречиями, словами и выражениями: yesterday, last week/month/year/Sunday, long ago, then, in 1999 и т.д. 5. С наречиями, словами и выражениями: ever, never, always, yet, so far, today, this week/month/year, once, several times, lately, recently, just, и т.д.
When? How long?

 

Exercise 65. Choose the correct answer. (Present Perfect или Past Simple)

1. We (not/have) a holiday last year.

Adidn’t have Bhaven’t had C hadn’t have

2. My parents (be) to the USA many times.

Ahave been Bwere C have being

3. I (buy) a new dress last week, but I (not/wear) it yet.

Ahave bought A haven’t worn

B bought B wore

C had bought C didn’t wear

4. … it (stop) raining yet?

ADid it stop BIs it stopped CHas it stopped

5. Don’t worry about your letter. I (send) it the day before yesterday.

Asended B have sent C sent

6. I (lose) my glasses. I (have) them when I came to the college this morning.

A losed Ahave had

B have lost Bhad

Clost C have

7. When Jill (finish) school?

A When had Jill finished

B When has Jill finished

CWhen did Jill finish

8. I can’t find my umbrella. I think somebody (take) it by mistake.

A took B takes C has taken

9. – Are you tired?

– Yes, a little. I (paint) the ceiling today.

A have painted Bpainted Cpaint

10. We (not/see) Peter this week, but we (see) him a couple of weeks ago.

A didn’t see A saw

B haven’t saw B have seen

C haven’t seen C have saw

11. – Have you got any money?

– Yes, I (borrow) it from my brother.

A borrowed B have borrowed Cdid borrow

12. – Where is Jane?

– She (go) to the shops. She’ll be back soon.

A went B has gone Chas been

13. My husband (work) in the bank for three years since 1995 to 1998.

Ahas worked B had worked C worked

14. Mom (lose) her keys, so we have to open the door by force.

Ahas lost B lost C had lost

15. One of the passengers (die) in the accident.

A has died Bdied C had died

16. My sister and her husband (be married) since Christmas.

Awere married B have married C have been married

17. … the post (come) today?

A Did the post come B Has the post come C Has the post came

18. We (travel) around Europe last year.

Atraveled B has traveled Chad traveled

19. I already (do) my homework. Now I can go for a walk.

Adid Bhave done C do

20. My father knows a lot because he (travel) a lot.

A has traveled Btraveled C was traveling

Exercise 66. Open the brackets using the Present Perfect or the Past Simple.

1. I just (call) him. 2. I (not/call) him yesterday, I was busy. 3. My parents just (go) away. 4. She already (answer) the letter. 5. She (answer) it on Tuesday. 6. My friends (go) away five minutes ago. 7. I (read) that book during the summer holidays. 8. The fisherman (sell) all his fish now. 9. He (sell) the last one half an hour ago. 10. I (not/see) him for three years. 11. I (meet) him last week. 12. The newspaper (come)? – Yes, Ann is reading it now. 13. You (wear) long hair when you were at school? – Yes, my mother (insist) on it. 14. He (not/smoke) for two weeks. He is trying to give it up. 15. When he (arrive)? – He (arrive) at 2.00. 16. You (shut) the window? 17. I (read) his books when I was at school. I (enjoy) them very much. 18. You (be) here before? – Yes, I (spend) my holidays here last year. – You (have) a good time? – Yes, the sun never (stop) shining. 19. The clock is slow. – It’s not slow, it (stop). 20. Here is your dress; I just (mend) it. 21. I (leave) home at 8.00 and (get) here at twelve. 22. You (have) breakfast yet? – Yes, I (have) it at 8.00. 23. You (see) the stars last night? 24. We (miss) the bus. Now we’ll have to walk. 25. He (break) his leg in a skiing accident last year. 26. I can’t go out because I (not/finish) my work. 27. It seems they already (decide) without consulting us. 28. I (have) a headache ever since I (get up). 29. Last year she (change) all the furniture in her house. 30. When you (buy) this suit? – I (buy) it last year. I (buy) another one since then.

Exercise 67. Open the brackets using the Present Perfect, the Present Simple, the Present Continuous or the Past Simple.

1. In the morning, coming downstairs, Rosemary (see) Tony lying in the sitting room: What you (do) here? – I (sleep) here. – I am sorry we (take) your room. 2. He’s a night watchman. He (work) at night and (sleep) in the daytime. It’s noon now, and he still (sleep). 3. I first (meet) Richard a month ago, and I (meet) him several times since then. 4. I usually (go) to bed before midnight. 5. What’s your brother doing? – He (play) tennis with our neighbor, they (play) it every day. 6. He wants to buy a car, but first he must learn how to drive, so he (take) driving lessons. 7. I (write) to my parents a fortnight ago, but I’ve not had a reply, so I just (write) again. 8. Where is my daughter? – She (talk) to a policeman. – What (happen)? – She has been driving without license. 9. It’s 3 p.m. and he (not/eat) anything today, but he (eat) a good dinner last night. 10. Is Mary ready to come out? – No, she still (dress). 11. I (read) this book several times. I first (read) it in 2003. 12. He often (read) detective stories; he (read) a very good one now. 13. She (not/have) a holiday since 2007. 14. We (stay) here for nearly a week. – I hope you (not/think) of leaving.

 


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