Britain is an island under constant attack from the surrounding sea.

Translate these sentences paying special attention to the words and phrases given in bold type.

1. Most of the UK is made up of gently rolling hills with isolated areas of high ground such as Dartmoor in the south-west of England or the Mourne Mountains in Northern Ireland.

2. The heaviest rains fall in the highland areas of western Scotland.

3. A ridge of hills, the Pennine, runs down the centre of northern England.

4. The UK Landscape is very varied, ranging from the Grampian Mountains of Scotland to thelowland fens of England which are at or below sea level in places.

5. The climate of Great Britain is temperate and it is moderated by the Gulf Stream.

6. Mild fogs hang over parts of the country from time to time. But the famous “pea soup” fogs of London and other big cities seldom occur any more.

7. Many bays cut into the region’s Atlantic Ocean and North Sea coasts.

8. More important today is the region’s fine white china clay, used to make pottery.

9. The country was once known for its deciduous forests, which with passage of time have reduced largely in number due to deforestation.

Britain is an island under constant attack from the surrounding sea.

11. Many British rivers have drowned or sunken, mouths called estuaries, up which the ocean tides flow.

12. In the 19^th century it was once suggested that the House of Parliament should be wrapped in enormous wet sheets to protect those inside from the awful smell of the River Thames.

13. The great dome of St. Paul’s Cathedral still towers over other buildings in the area, just as it has for hundreds of years.

14. The South Bank is one of London’s fastest-growing sections.

15. Crowded residential neighborhoods surround most of central London.

16. Sothern England is the most densely populated area in the UK which does not include a large city and millions of its inhabitants travel into London to work every day.

17. The Norfolk Broads, for example, are criss-crossed by hundreds of waterways but there are no towns here, so this is a popular area for boating holidays.

18. The wild, windswept moors which are the setting for Emily Bronte’s famous novel Wuthering heights seem a world away from the smoke and grime of urban life – in fact, they are just up the road from Bradford.

19. National (‘ethnic’) loyalties can be strong among the people in Britain whose ancestors were not English.

20. For some people living in England who call themselves Scottish, Welsh or Irish, this loyalty is little more than a matter of emotional attachment.

21. The Irish is supposed to be great talkers, the Scots have a reputation for being careful with money and Welsh are renowned for their singing ability.

22. The people of Wales do not have as many reminders of their Welshness in everyday life.

23. Thanks to successive campaigns, the language receives a lot of public support.

24. Britishness "sprung into political and academic prominence" in the late-20th century, but its origins lie with the formation of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707.

25. Other research conducted for the CRE found that white participants felt that there was a threat to Britishness from large-scale immigration, the 'unfair' claims that they perceived ethnic minorities made on the welfare state, a rise in moral pluralism and political correctness.

26. There are very few ancient customs that are followed by the majority of families on special occasions.

27. The country has fewer local parades or processions with genuine folk roots than most other countries have.

28. The traditional 'British’ (or 'English') breakfast is a large 'fry-up' preceded by cereal with milk and followed by toast, butter and marmalade, all washed down with lots of tea.

29. The image of the British as a nation of tea-drinkers is another stereotype which is somewhat out of date.

30. The British govern­ment has been trying for years and years to promote the metric system and to get British people to use the same scales that are used nearly everywhere else in the world.

31. Everybody in Britain still shops in pounds and ounces.

32. Nearly everybody still thinks in Fahrenheit.

33. The use of the 24-hour clock is comparatively restricted.

34. Many of us make assumptions based on the way people speak — judging certain dialects or accents as too posh, or harsh, aggressive, unfriendly, ‘unintelligent’ or ‘common’.

35. Britain is an increasingly homogeneous and polycultural society, the vocabulary, structure and sounds that define the speech of a particular region, are, for many speakers, a source of great pride and an important expression of regional cultural identity.

36. Modern dialects preserve some of the features of traditional dialects. These are some of the "survivors" which have not yet been levelled out.

37. The written Scots looked very similar to contemporary Standard English, suggesting a somewhat modified version of that, rather than a distinct speech form with a phonological system which had been developing independently for many centuries.

38. Nobody object to the fact that the Queen is queen ‘by the grace of God’, or the fact that she, like all previous British monarchs, was crowned by a religious figure – the Archbishop of Canterbury in a church – Westminster Abbey.

39. The Catholic Church, in the interests of self-preservation, has maintained a greater cohesiveness and uniformity than the Anglican Church.

40. These figures hugely outnumber the 350’000 predicted to attend Church of England ceremonies.

3. Match the following words and word combinations to their correct meaning:

1. heather

2. Britannia

3. haggies

4. sea lochs

5. The Pennines

6. Erin

7. smoggies

8. The Wash

9. Albion

10. reels’

11. Briton

12. moor

13. The Fens

· a poetic name for Ireland.

· great plain borders The Wash

· a name that the Romans gave to their southern British province.

· a few small trees and low evergreen shrubs

· traditional dances

· dish made from sheep’s heart, lungs and liver

· most of the land north of the Thames and up to bay of the North Sea

· a word used in some poetic or rhetorical contexts to refer to England.

· an area of coarse grasses

· a word used in official contexts and in formal writing to describe a citizen of the United Kingdom.

· narrow bays

· backbone of England

· the inhabitants of Middlesbrough and the surrounding urban area of Teesside

4. Find the correspondence in these two columns and provide the system of measuring:

94,058

4,406

7,723

62,698,362

the highest point in the British Isles

the longest river of the UK,

a total area of the UK

a coastline of the UK;

population of the UK

the length of the Thames

a population density

an area which Lough Neagh covers

5. Give the English equivalents for:

6. Translate into Ukrainian:

London 'city gent', 'continental' (European) breakfast, conservative, driving on the left-hand side of the road, intrinsic advantage, systems of measurement, to adopt Central European Time, linguistic criteria, mutual intelligibility, the advent of mass media, a considerable degree of convergence, dialect leveling, “Estuary English”, left only a few traces in modern times, members of the house of Lords, ‘Lords Spiritual’, ‘established’ churches, nonconformist groups, receive the sacraments, a decline in the prevalence of religious belief, quakers, religious groups with significant numbers of followers, the rapid decrease in Protestant population.

7. Fill in the gaps:

1. London is built along the …………… .

2. Three quarters of the land in Britain is used for ……………….. .

3. ……………… out of ten people live in towns and cities.

4. The highest mountains are in ………………….. and ……………………….

5. More than ………………………. of people own their own homes.

6. Great Britain is the ………….. largest island in the world (218 980 Km2) and the largest in Europe.

7. London is about ………………… times larger than any other city in the county.

8. The country is one of the 15 member states of the ……………….. .

9. The Channel ……………….. , the longest undersea rail tunnel in the world.

10. The 2^nd longest tunnel in the world = ………………. (England-France ; 49.9 Km).

11. The 3^rd longest suspension bridge in the world = Humber (…………………… m).

12. London - the largest city in Europe; the …………. largest city in the world.

13. There are …….. bridges in London that span the River Thames.

14. The first London Bridge was a wooden one built by the ……………… .

15. The ……………… Bridge was the only bridge over the Thames until 1750.

16. The most common surname in both England and Scotland is actually ……………… .

17. In addition to English, …………….. minority languages are officially recognised.

8. Provide as many proverbs/sayings about the weather as it is possible.

9. Prepare a presentation on the theme:

· London - its past and future;

· The Romantic Poets;

· ‘Burns’ suppers’;

· Ceremony of the state opening of Parliament;

· Military ceremony of 'trooping the colour';

· Changing of the guard outside Buckingham Palace.