Sunflower

An annual plant belonging to the daisy family, it probably originated in North America or Mexico. North American Indians cultivated sunflowers as long as 2,000 years ago. The oil extracted from its seeds is used in margarine, varnishes and soaps but the seeds can be eaten whole, raw or cooked. They can be added to breads and cakes or sprinkled over salad or breakfast cereals. A good source of potassium and phosphorous, 100g sunflower seeds also contain 24g protein and 7.1mg iron and 120mg calcium.

6. Which of the following words are nouns? verbs? adjectives? adverbs? Why?

Raw, breads, oil, long, probably, sprinkle, good, breakfast, protein, American, also, eat.

7. Choose the proper prepositions and fill them in:

1. Delicious toasted and sprinkled, while hot, … soya sauce and served on salads.

2. They are rich … protein, iron, zinc and phosphorous.

3. The oil extracted … its seeds is used … margarine, varnishes and soaps.

4. An annual plant belonging … the daisy family, originated … North America or Mexico.

5. It is also available as toasted sesame oil … oriental cooking.

Pair work. Speak about seeds.

Part III. Soya & Mycoprotein

Lesson 1

Read the words.

Chinese

tofu

tempeh

inhibitors

symptoms

A) Cover the right column and read the English words. Translate them into Russian and check your translation.

B) Cover the left column and translate the Russian words back into English.

colon ободочная кишка, толстая кишка

tofu тофу ( японский и китайский соевый творог )

breast грудь; молочная железа

serum сыворотка

protease протеаза

3. Read the words and put down their Russian equivalents:

mince ____________________________________________

chunks ____________________________________________

saturated fats _______________________________________

high consumption ___________________________________

4. Put down the English for:

соевая диета _______________________________________

соевый творог _____________________________________

соевое масло _______________________________________

холестерин ________________________________________

рак груди и толстой кишки ___________________________

Combine the given adjectives (A) with the proper nouns (B).

A B

Staple part

excellent source

beneficial effects

high consumption

nutritional benefits

Translate the following words and word combinations in writing.

leguminous soya bean plant ___________________________

tempeh ____________________________________________

isoflavonoids _______________________________________

protein ____________________________________________

anti-carcinogenic ____________________________________

phytic acid _________________________________________

Translate the following questions.

1. What was a staple part of the Chinese diet?

2. What is the soya bean?

3. Why is soya useful?

4. Soya diets have also been shown to reduce levels of serum cholesterol, haven’t they?

5. What soya products do you know?

Read the text. Find the answers to the questions given above.

Soya

The soya bean is the seed of the leguminous soya bean plant. Soya foods have been a staple part of the Chinese diet for over 4000 years but have only been widely consumed in Western countries since the 1960's. Soya foods include tofu, tempeh, textured vegetable protein (chunks, mince etc), miso, soya sauces, soya oil and margarine, and soya dairy alternatives.

Soya is an excellent source of high quality protein, is low in saturated fats and is cholesterol free. Recent research has indicated soya has several beneficial effects on health in addition to its nutritional benefits. Soya beans contain high concentrations of several compounds which have demonstrated anti-carcinogenic activity. These include isoflavonoids, protease inhibitors and phytic acid. The low incidence of breast and colon cancer in China and Japan has been partially attributed to the high consumption of soya products. The low incidence of menopausal symptoms in Japanese women has also been attributed to high consumption of soya. Soya diets have also been shown to reduce levels of serum cholesterol.