Architectural Engineering as a single integrated field of study

What differentiates Architectural Engineering as a separate and single, integrated field of study, compared to other engineering disciplines, is its multi-disciplined engineering approach. Through training in and appreciation of architecture, the field seeks integration of building systems within its overall building design. Architectural Engineering includes the design of building systems including Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), plumbing, fire protection, electrical, lighting, transportation, and structural systems. In some university programs, students are required to concentrate on one of the systems; in others, they can receive a generalist Architectural or Building Engineering degree. The University of Sheffield, United Kingdom offers a Dual degree course in both Architecture and Structural Engineering.

Building officials of developed countries are generally referred to as administering building control systems that are mostly defined in statute. According to World Organisation of Building Officials, there were two distinct levels of building officials: (1) the professionally-qualified building controls administrators, who are technically and/or professionally competent in examining design documents for compliance with the Building Codes defined in statute; and (2) the technician-level building-work inspectors, who simply administer the various processes.

PART IV Contents 1 New Zealand 2 United States 3 England & Wales

New Zealand

The government of New Zealand has set up a mediation service ^[1] to resolve cases of houses that failed watertightness.

United States

In the United States, there were three major nonprofit organizations developing building codes for the governing of building constructions, but they have since been merged into one in 1994, the International Code Council (ICC). ICC publishes the International Building Codes, used by most of the jurisdictions within the United States. The former organizations included Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO), and Southern Building Code Congress International, Inc. (SBCCI).

England & Wales

In England and Wales building control bodies (BCB) may be of two primary forms, either established under Local Authority control or private bodies (Approved Inspectors). Applicants wishing to carry out work controlled under the Building Act have the choice to select either the local Building Control or an Approved Inspector. However, where local legislation is prevalent the Approved Inspector will be charged with liaising with the relevant local authority body for the necessary approvals.

The Secretary of State issues guidance in support of the Building Regulations in the form of Approved Documents which are not mandatory. The Building Regulations are functional and therefore designers are free to offer alternative solutions to satisfying the the functional requirements. The burden of proof is then placed on the designers to demonstrate that the alternative solution proposed offers a level of performance which satisfies the intent of the functional requirement. There is nothing in the Regulations which imposes a duty on the applicant under those circumstances to use the guidance as a benchmark of performance, although this is of course a route often taken as a way of demonstrating that an alternative approach is of an acceptable standard. Appeals against decisions made by BCBs are to the Secretary of State who will make a determination after considering all of the facts of a particular case.

Building engineering (The Second Term)

In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of multitasking. Normally the job is managed by the project manager and supervised by the construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project architect. For the successful execution of a project, effective planning is essential. Those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question must consider the environmental impact of the job, the successful scheduling, budgeting, site safety, availability of materials, logistics, inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays, preparing tender documents, etc.

PART I Contents 1 Types of construction projects 1.1 Building construction 1.2 Industrial construction 2 Construction processes 2.1 Design team 2.2 Financial advisors 2.3 Legal considerations 2.4 Interaction of expertise 2.5 Procurement § 2.5.1 Traditional § 2.5.2 Design and build § 2.5.3 Management procurement systems 3 Authority having jurisdiction 4 Construction careers 5. History

Types of construction projects

Each type of construction project requires a unique team to plan, design, construct, and maintain the project. In general, there are three types of construction:

1. Building construction

2. Heavy/civil construction

3. Industrial construction