Module 2

Module 1

I.A. Job, work, post (position), occupation, employment, operate (machinery), manage (personnel), control (situation), university degree, work permit, license.

B.Vulnerable, extensive, hazard, effort, attempt, tender, sample, uncertain, risky, substantial, capable.

II.Work in the great outdoors, be redundant (unemployed), be fully qualified for the job (position), seek legal advice, bread and butter, with flying colors, terrible habit, entail inconveniences, travel in style, at an early age.

III.1. I have decided to take up Arabic and am already taking a course of oriental studies at the University.

2. At the end of the day (in the end, eventually) we decided to invest money in building a house to live in the countryside.

3. The rumors have generated (caused) much worry in the population, and the city mayor went on TV to reassure the population.

4. This virus threatens humans because our immune system can’t fight (against) it.

5. School-leavers (graduates) are not always aware of the challenges that life will send to them in the future.

6. Every company usually does its best to promote its brand and to increase business profits.

7. This position involves regular business trips, but you will be entitled to bonuses for good results.

8. I decided to explore the outskirts of Cairo on my own and did not join the guided couch tour.

9. Having celebrated his 65th year jubilee, my Dad made up his mind to retire from work and to travel (around) the world.

10. Someday you will understand the whole value of my advice, and I hope it will not happen too late.

11. Forest fires (bushfires) were put down by volunteers, who had been working twenty-four hours (round the clock), forgetting about sleep, food and rest.

12. The sportsman sprained his leg and was unable to continue the competition because of the sharp (acute) pain.

IV.

1. – Many people are not aware of the amount of waste that is carried to the dumping ground on a daily basis.

– I am not aware of this problem either, but perhaps we can attempt to do something about it.

– We can form a habit to buy things made from recycled materials to cut down (reduce) the waste.

– Excellent idea! I am all for it!

2. – There is nothing left in the fridge to eat.

– Do you want to order home a takeaway?

– We can order pizza. There is a pizzeria nearby, and the delivery is free.

– Why not eat out at a café? We will listen to music, dance and then take a walk.

3. – It’s high time you had your hair cut. You have grown it too long.

– I am having my hair cut next week.

– You can do it anytime you want, but do remember to do it.

– Don’t worry. I have made it a point already.

4. – I don’t like waiting.

– Neither do I. Nobody likes waiting, but sometimes we have to.

– I must be an impatient person because sometimes I can’t hold my breath.

– It happens. But we have to be patient when we badly need it.

5. – The psychologist suggested him that he listened more attentively to other people.

– Yes, he needs it. He usually speaks more than listens instead of taking turns to talk.

– Listening skill seems to be very important for communication.

– No doubt. Without this skill one gets an impression that you are not interested in what other people think.

V.You know, my younger brother is very sensitive and can even cry if he does not like something. But he is not stubborn, and one can always come to terms with him. It’s good that he is not jealous, and if the parents give me a present he is just as glad as I am. Generally speaking, he is an easy-going boy and always understands when I am busy and can’t play (have fun) with him. We have moved to the new house quite recently, but he has already made many friends of his age. Though he is quite small, he is a very good mixer. So we always have guests at home, who leave every room in a mess when they go. But I don’t mind it. Life would be boring without guests. And recently he fell down the stairs. Of course, if he was a more careful child he would not have fallen down. Children will be children!

Module 2

I.A. Unsociable, mischievous, wicked, cherished (hope/dream), dear/valuable, disagreeable (character), sprawling (city), minor (offence), numerous, deceitful, mean, fair (means), weird.

B. Rich (history), wealthy (person), minor, small, overdue, delayed, carefree, light-minded/hearted, insufficient, inappropriate, historical, historic.

II.Common ground, regular features, public opinion, harrowing story, brief reminder, bad habit, petty detail, urban population, violent crime, real thing, severe/great damage.

III.1. After each solo performance he needed several days to wind down.

2. In no case must you let your attention wander during a test in order not to make accidental mistakes.

3. Be careful not to get injured while travelling down the mountain at a great speed (during a speed descent) on the snowboard.

4. One needs to know how to take one’s mind off the daily worries and to avoid stress, which means to stay healthy.

5. It is reported that the air crash was caused by mid-air collision of the two aircrafts.

6. It was a hair-raising experience for me, which I won’t forget to my dying day.

7. I know a hooked collector who will look at his collection of Chinese vases for days.

8. She seemed to be mad in her desire to take part in group skydiving.

9. You can’t be blamed for the broken window.

10. My brother had no intention of offending you.

11. In the long run, the telephone was cut off because the owners had not been paying the bills on time.

IV.

1. – Have you heard the fire alarm?

– Yes, but I think this is a fire drill.

– Perhaps it is, but we must leave (vacate) the building.

– Yes, firefighters usually demand the evacuation of the personnel (that the personnel be evacuated).

2. – They have just reported in the news that a gunman has just taken the visitors hostage and demands money.

– Bad news again. I hope the police are already in the bank, and the robber has been arrested.

– Could be. In any case, there must be a CCTV (close circuit TV) installed in the bank, and he will be identified later.

– I hope so, but the bank security (officers) should be more vigilant. Bank robberies have become more frequent.

3. – There is a threat (danger) of volcano eruption again on the Kuril Islands. An expedition of scientists is already under way (on the way).

– And why not a team of rescue workers, doctors and builders of temporary shelters (makeshift houses)?

– There is no imminent threat to the population, and volcano eruption is a natural phenomenon that is interesting for research.

–It must be a very spectacular sight if it does not threaten (pose a threat/danger to) our life and health.

4. – I am sorry for the people who have been rendered homeless (have lost their homes) as a result of the earthquake.

– Me too (I am also sorry for them). Our school has already sent warm clothes and food to the victims of this earthquake.

– I have heard that a few aircrafts have been sent there with humanitarian goods aboard (humanitarian goods have been flown there in a few aircrafts).

– That’s what we can do today. If we knew about it earlier we would have built more solid houses in seismic areas.

5. – Dozens (scores) of people have been injured in explosion on the underground train.

– Yes, terrorism is a horrible (terrible) crime, and those guilty must be punished (brought to justice).

– Besides, it is very important to prevent acts of terror to make our life safer.

– I know that safety of passengers on the underground and surface transport is put first. Security forces do everything within their power.

V.Contrary to popular belief, summer in Central Russia can be very hot for the moderate (temperate) climate. Heatwave in such cases can be a difficult test for everybody and especially for those who suffer from heart and lung diseases. Many live through a real state of depression when the temperature reaches forty degrees in the shade and goes even higher. High temperatures can do a lot of harm to one’s health and even cause economic damage because of the rise in temporary disability and sickness rate. Ambulance calls are on the rise, and emergency teams of paramedics scramble to be in time everywhere. The doctors recommend that everybody susceptible to heat-related diseases should take regular cool drinks, take a shower and go out in the fresh air in the morning and in the evening.