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Useful Language. Unit 10 New Ideas Word Definition Translation Transcription affordable That does not cost too much money
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Unit 10 New Ideas
| Word | Definition | Translation | Transcription |
| affordable | That does not cost too much money, so that people can afford to do or buy it | допустимый; по средствам | ə fɔː.də.bl |
| (to be) aware of | to have knowledge of experience of a particular thing | знать, осозновать | ə weər |
| backwards and forwards | first in one direction and then in the opposite one | в одном, а потом другом направлении | bæk.wədz ə nd fɔː.wədz |
| carpooling | The practice of travelling to work together in one car and sharing the cost between several people | kɑ pul | |
| carbon | a simple chemical substance, which is an important part of substances such as coal and oil, as well as being contained in all plants and animals | углерод | kɑ.bən |
| carbon emission | Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gases that sent out into the air, harming the environment | выделение углерода | kɑ.bən ɪˈmɪʃ.ən |
| carbon footprint | Someone's carbon footprint is a measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide that their activities produce. | углеродный след | kɑ.bən fʊt.prɪnt |
| (to)carry out | to do or complete something | осуществлять; приводить в исполнение | kær.i aʊt |
| catering | the food, etc., provided at a function by a caterer | кейтеринг, ресторанное обслуживание | keɪ.tərɪŋ |
| clarification | an explanation or more details which makes something clear or easier to understand | просветление, прояснение | klær.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən |
| climate change | the change in the world’s weather that is believed to be caused by human activity | изменение климата | klaɪ.mət tʃeɪndʒ |
| (to)come up with | to suggest or think of an idea or plan | придумывать, предлагать, находить | kʌm ʌp wɪð |
| (to)commission | to officially ask someone to write, make or carry out something for you | делать заказ | kə mɪʃ.ən |
| component | a part which combines with other parts to form something bigger | компонент; составная часть | kəm pəʊ.nənt |
| conclusion | the opinion you have after considering all the information about something | умозаключение, вывод | kən klu.ʒən |
| convenient | useful, easy or quick to do; not causing problems | удобный, подходящий; пригодный | kən vi.ni.ənt |
| (to) create | to make something happen or exist | производить; создавать | krieɪt |
| currently | of the present time | текущий, данный | kʌr.ənt |
| damage | to harm or spoil something | вред, повреждение | dæm.ɪdʒ |
| disposal | the act of getting rid of something, especially by throwing it away | ликвидация; устранение | dɪˈspəʊ.zəl |
| (to)dispose | to throw out or away | ликвидировать, избавляться | dɪˈspəʊ.zəl |
| distribution | the process of giving things out to several people, or spreading or supplying something | распределение, распространение | dɪs.trɪˈbju.ʃən |
| ebilling | sending people bills by email rather than by post asking them to pay money owed | отправка счетов по электронной почте | ɪ bɪl.ɪŋ |
| ecological | connected with or concerned about the environment | экологический | i.kəlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl |
| effective | producing a successful result | действенный, результативный, эффективный | ɪˈfek.tɪv |
| electronic waste | discarded electrical or electronic devices | электронные отходы | ɪˌlektrɒn.ɪk weɪst |
| emission | when gas, heat, light, etc. is sent out | выделение, распространение | ɪˈmɪʃ.ən |
| (to)enable | to make someone able to do something, or to make something possible | давать возможность, право | ɪˈneɪ.bl |
| environment | the air, water and land in or on which people, animals and plants live | окружающая среда | ɪn vaɪə .rən .mənt |
| environmentally friendly | not harmful to the environment | экологически приемлемый, невредящий экологии | ɪn vaɪə .rən .men.təlɪfrend.li |
| (to) gain | to get something that is useful, that gives you an advantage | извлекать пользу, выгоду | geɪn |
| (to)get rid of | to relieve or free oneself of (something or someone unpleasant or undesirable) | избавляться | get rɪd əv |
| global warming | an increase in the average temperature worldwide believed to be caused by the greenhouse effect | глобальное потепление | gləʊ.bəl wɔː.mɪŋ |
| (to)go green | to start doing smth to protect nature and the environment | стать защитником окружающей среды | gəʊ grin |
| green | relating to the protection of the environment | принадлежащий движению защитников окружающей среды | Grin |
| green policy | A set of ideas relating to the protection of the environment | политика, обеспечивающая защиту окружающей среды | grin pɒl.ə.si |
| greenhouse effect | an increase in the amount ofcarbon dioxide and other gases in the atmospherewhich is believed to be the cause of a gradual warming of the surface of the Earth | парниковый эффект | Grin.haʊs gæs ɪˈfekt |
| greenhouse gases | a gas which causes the greenhouse effect, especiallycarbon dioxide | парниковые газы | grin.haʊs gæs |
| heating | the system that keeps a building warm | отопление | Hi.tɪŋ |
| hybrid | using a mixture of two or more types of fuel, for example a petrol engine and an electric motor, so that less harm is caused to the environment | гибрид, что-л. составленное из разнородных элементов | haɪ.brɪd |
| hybrid car | a vehicle with an engine that uses both petrol and another type of energy, usually electricity | легковой автомобиль с гибридным приводом | haɪ.brɪd kɑːr |
| incentive | something that encourages you to do something | побуждение, стимул | ɪn sen.tɪv |
| impact | a powerful effect that something, especially something new, has on a situation or person | сильное воздействие; влияние | ɪm.pækt |
| initiative | a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular purpose | инициатива, первый шаг | ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv |
| innovative | using new methods or ideas | новаторский, передовой | ɪn.ə.və.tɪv |
| insulated | protected with a material that prevents heat, sound, electricity, etc. from passing through | изолированный | ɪn.sjʊ.leɪtɪd |
| (to) introduce idea | to put some ideas into use | внедрять, привносить (идеи) | ɪn.trədjus |
| introduction | when something is put into use or brought to a place for the first time | введение | ɪn.trə dʌk.ʃən |
| (to)judge | to form, give or have as an opinion, or to decide about something or someone, especially after thinking carefully | оценивать, судить | dʒʌdʒ |
| (to)make an effort | To try to do smth | сделать усилие, попытаться | meɪk ən ef.ət |
| (to)maintain | to keep in existence | поддерживать, сохранять | meɪn teɪn |
| (to)move on | to start a new activity | идти дальше; переходить к (чему-л. новому) | mu v ɒn |
| moveable | able to be moved | передвижной, переносный, разборный | mu.və.bl ̩ |
| neutral | having features or characteristics that are not easily noticed | нейтральный | Nju.trəl |
| original | new and interesting in a way that is different from anything else | оригинальный, новый | ə rɪdʒ.ɪ.nəl |
| (to)outsource | To arrange for someone outside a company to do work or provide goods for that company | привлекать (внешние ресурсы, специалистов, услуги) для выполнения собственных, внутренних задач компании | aʊt.sɔːs |
| particular | special, or this and not any other | особенный, специфический | pə tɪk.jʊ.lər |
| planet | an extremely large round mass of rock and metal, such as Earth, which moves in a circular path around the Sun | Земля, земной шар | plæn.ɪt |
| popular | liked, enjoyed or supported by many people | популярный, доходчивый | pɒp.jʊ.lər |
| postage | the cost of sending a package, letter, etc by post | почтовая оплата, почтовые расходы | pəʊ.stɪdʒ |
| presentation | a talk giving information about something | презентация | prez.ən teɪ.ʃən |
| (to) process | to prepare, change or treat raw materials as a part of an industrial operation | подвергать (технологическому) процессу; обрабатывать; перерабатывать | prəʊ.ses |
| recycling | the practice of treating materials that have already been used so that they can be used again | переработка отходов (для повторного использования) | ri saɪ.klɪŋ |
| (to)reduce | to make something smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc | понижать, сокращать, уменьшать | rɪˈdjus |
| reduction | when you make or when something becomes smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc | понижение, сокращение | rɪˈdʌk.ʃən |
| (to)refer | to direct the attention of (someone) for information, facts, etc | направлять; отсылать | rɪˈ fɜ |
| (to)register | to put information, especially your name, into an official list or record | регистрировать | redʒ.ɪ.stər |
| regulation | an official rule or the act of controlling | регулирование; упорядочение | reg.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən |
| reinsurance | insurance bought by an insurance company to protect itself against large demands from its customers | перестрахование, вторичная страховка | ri ɪn ʃɔːrəns |
| relatively | quite good/bad/etc. in comparison with other similar things or with what you expect | относительно, сравнительно | rel.ə.tɪv.li |
| renewable | that is replaced naturally or controlled carefully and can therefore be used without the risk of finishing it all | восстановимый, возобновляемый | rɪˈnju .ə.bl ̩ |
| reputation | the opinion that people in general have about someone or something | репутация | rep.jʊˈteɪ.ʃən |
| (to) re-use | to use something again | снова использовать | ri juz |
| rubbish | things that you throw away because you no longer want or need them | мусор, хлам; отбросы; | rʌb.ɪʃ |
| (to)save energy | to prevent the power from something such as electricity or oil being wasted | экономить энергию | seɪv en.ə.dʒi |
| screen | a flat surface in a cinema, on a television or a computer system on which pictures or words are shown | экран | skrin |
| solar panel | a device that changes energy from the sun into electricity | солнечная батарея | səʊ.lər pæn.əl |
| (to)switch | to change suddenly or completely, especially from one thing to another, or to exchange by replacing one person or thing with another | переключаться, менять направление | Swɪtʃ |
| (to)take care | to look after someone or something | заботиться | teɪk keər |
| (to)take measures | To do smth in onrder to improve or deal with a situation | принимать меры | teɪk meʒ.ərz |
| theme | the main subject of a talk, book, film, etc. | тема | θim |
| (to)turn off | to cause (something) to cease operating by turning a knob, pushing a button | выключать | tɜːn.ɒf |
| underdeveloped | (especially of a country) without modern industry or modern services that provide transport, health care, etc | недоразвитый; слаборазвитый | ʌn.də.dɪˈvel.əpt |
| unusual | different from what is usual or normal | необыкновенный | ʌnju.ʒu.əl |
| useful | that can help you to do or achieve what you want | полезный, пригодный | jus.fəl |
| (good)value for money | a good price for something | то, что стоит свою цену | væl.ju fər mʌn.i |
| vending machine | a machine from which you can buy snacks, drink, etc. by putting coins into it | торговый автомат | ven.dɪŋ mə ʃin |
| waste | no longer needed for a particular process and therefore thrown away | отходы (производства) | weɪst |
| waste paper | paper discarded after use | макулатура, использованная бумага | weɪst peɪ.pər |
| winter garden | garden of evergreen plants and plants that flower in winter | зимний сад | wɪn.tər gɑː.dən |
| within | inside or not further than an area or period of time | в пределах, в рамках | wɪˈðɪn |
| workplace | a building or room where people perform their jobs, or these places generally | рабочее место | wɜːk.pleɪs |
I. Match the words (1-10) with their definitions (a-j):
| 1.rubbish | a.the cost of sending a package, letter, etc by post |
| 2.recycling | b.a simple chemical substance |
| 3.postage | c.things that your throw away because you no longer want or need them |
| 4.green | d.a new plan for dealing with a particular problem |
| 5.affordable | e.relating to the protection of the environment |
| 6.initiative | f.something that encourages you to do something |
| 7.disposal | g.the practice of travelling to work together in once car and sharing the costs |
| 8.carbon | h.that doesn’t cost too much money |
| 9.carpooling | i.the practice of treating materials that have already been used so that they can be used again |
| 10.incentive | j.the act of getting rid of something |
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