Грамматические упражнения. Упражнение 1. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на инфинитив и инфинитивные обороты

Упражнение 1. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на инфинитив и инфинитивные обороты. Определите функцию инфинитива в предложениях.

1. The method permits high-strength concrete to be used economically.

2. The purpose is to reduce shrinkage cracking.

3. The buildings have to be given additional bracing.

4. The concrete to be used is lightweight.

5. All concrete below the neutral axis is considered to be in tension and cracked, and therefore ineffective.

6. It is impossible to build modern houses without the knowledge of new techniques.

7. A factor to consider is the space between the roof structure and the ceiling.

8. Non-loadbearing internal walls should possess the necessary strength and stability to support their own weight.

9. To avoid stresses in the panels due to temperature differences, rigid connections are provided at the centre of each panel.

10. To apply the prestress the tendons are anchored to the concrete.

11. The precast concrete edge beam helps to support the floor slab.

12. Prestressing allows the load applied to be balanced.

Упражнение 2. Переведите существительные с суффиксом –ion. Определите, от каких слов они образованы.

Упражнение 3. Переведите предложения, обратив внимание на функцию слова it.

1. Galvanised steel bolts are used to connect the wall panel to the roof beam above and long screws connect it to the floor panel below.

2. It is a standardised two-storey building.

3. Shrinkage is the permanent contraction of concrete caused by loss of water after it hardens.

4. Even if it is decided to use a square footing, it would need to be larger, since it also supports part of the wall.

5. It is difficult to concrete a thin wall because the concrete has to be placed in the narrow opening at the top of the form.

6. In most cases deep foundations are utilized only where it is not possible to have shallow foundations.

7. It is characteristic of steel-framed buildings that the floor beams transmit the loads in one direction only.

8. Low temperatures decrease stretch of the fabric but make it easier for tears to develop.

Упражнение 4. Работа в парах.

Студент C: Задайте 5 вопросов различных типов к тексту А.

Студент D: Ответьте на вопросы к тексту студента C.

Студенты C и D: Поменяйтесь ролями.