Exercise 2. Answer the questions.

1. Why is it so important for a producer to apply for a patent?

2. How much time does it usually take for a new product to catch on?

3. What is a big selling point of the items which you produce?

4. In what way can a consumer surprise the producer?

5. Would you like to produce something original or an adaptation? Explain why.

6. What are the conditions of successful product development?

7. What products are the market conditions fair for in this country?

Exercise 3. Translate into English.

1. Этот продукт - модификация старого.

2. Мелкие производители выпускают большое количест­во товаров.

3. Вам необходимо получить патент на производство данного товара.

4. Тщательное исследование рынка необходимо, чтобы гарантировать успех.

5. Потребуется пять лет на то, чтобы ваш продукт заво­евал признание.

6. Отключающее устройство с таймером - именно то, что привлечет потребителя.

7. Надо завершить все исследования, прежде чем мы начнем продавать наш продукт.

8. Нам необходимо расширить линию.

Exercise 4. Speak about product development of your business. Ask your collegue how he would plan product development

Grammar Exercises

Exercise 1. Make the sentences negative.

Model: I will have the drawings prepared very soon.

I won't have the drawings prepared very soon.

1. It will take much time to catch on.

2. I am sure this thing will be the biggest selling point.

3. They will run a good advertising company.

4. They will make a new modification of electronic watch.

5. This price will be inadequate.

Exercise 2. Put four questions of different types to each sentence (general, special, alternative, disjunctive).

Model: They will influence the consumer to buy their automobiles.

1. Will they influence the consumer to buy their automobiles?

2. Who will influence the consumer to buy their automobiles?

3. They will influence the consumer to buy their automobiles, won't they?

4. Will they influence the consumer to buy their automobiles or other goods?

1. Their products will be available in every shop.

2. The company will start their promotion campaign very soon.

3. Our bank will make a loan to this corporation.

4. They will need a lawyer to form their business.

5. I will consult my partner.

LESSON 10

MARKETING

Text

Marketing includes all the business activities connected with the movement of goods and services from producers to consumers. Sometimes it is called distribution. On the one hand, marketing is made up of such activities as transporting, storing and selling goods and, on the other hand, a series of decisions you make during the process of moving goods from producer to user. Marketing operations include product planning, buying, storage, pricing, promotion, selling, credit, traffic and marketing research.

The ability to recognize early trends is very important. Producers must know why, where, for what purpose the consumers buy. Market research helps the producer to predict what the people will want. And through advertising he attempts to influence the customer to buy. Marketing operations are very expensive. They take up more than half of the consumer's dollar. The trend in the USA has been to high mass consumption. The construction of good shopping centres has made goods available to consumers. It provided a wide range of merchandise and plenty of parking facilities.