LESSON 8

Section 1. Grammar

Modal Verbs

Can

Ex.1. Are the sentences True (T) or False (F)? Correct the false sentences.

Example: Cats can’t see in the dark. - F. Cats can see in the dark.

Ex.2. Make the following sentences interrogative and answer them.

A. Example: She can read English.

Can she read English? - Yes, she can.

1. We can listen and hear with our ears.

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2. I can write only with my right hand.

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3. My brother can kick a ball with his foot.

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4. He can run 1500 metres in 5 minutes.

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5. Ducks can swim under the water.

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6. We can write the ABC.

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7. The kitten can lick with its tongue.

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8. You can smell with your nose.

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9. We can bite with our teeth.

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10. She can cook dishes of meat.

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B. Example: I can write with my left hand.

Can you write with your left hand? - No, I can’t.

1. The girl can speak French very well.

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2. I can type twenty words a minute.

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3. He can do this work himself.

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4. I can wait for a few minutes.

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5. Jack can run for two hours without stopping.

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6. Robert can play the piano.

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7. Dan can give you the book tomorrow.

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8. My dad can write with his left hand.

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9. She can finish the work next week.

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10. We can stand the frost well.

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Ex.3. Complete the questions with can and a suitable verb from the brackets.

Then match each question with an answer (use, speak, play, ride, see, make).

Example: 1. Can you play the piano?

1. _________________________ (you / the piano)?

2. _________________________ (you / any / foreign / languages)?

3. _________________________ (you / the guitar)?

4. _________________________ (you / mountains / from / your room)?

5. _________________________ (you / a computer)?

6. _________________________ (you / a cake)?

7. _________________________ (you / a motorbike)?

A: - No, I can’t, but I can type.

B: - Yes, I can. I like playing Chopin.

C: - Yes, I can. French and Spanish.

D: - No I can’t. I don’t like cooking.

E: - Yes we can. The view is wonderful.

F: - No, I can’t, but I can play the piano.

G: - No, I can’t. I think they are dangerous.

Could

Ex.1. Tell the group what you can do now that you couldn’t do some time ago.

Example: I couldn’t skate last winter, but now I can skate well.

1. repeat sentences after the recorded voice.

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2. read and speak two foreign languages.

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3. play the guitar (the piano).

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4. read foreign literature in the original.

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5. cook dishes of fish.

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6. go to the library with you.

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7. sew and knit myself.

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8. play chess.

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9. drive a car.

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10. buy a dictionary for you.

____________________________

To be able to do

Ex.1. Rewrite the sentences in the Future Simple Tense.

Example: I can see you later… (when you return).

I’ll be able to see you when you return.

1. Ann can cook well … (when she has had more practice).

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2. She can’t believe you … (unless you tell her the truth).

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3. Lena can speak English … (after she has had some lessons).

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4. The people from the village can’t reach the house … (until it stops raining).

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5. You can study medicine … (if you enter that college).

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6. We can go swimming … (when it is warmer).

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7. Jane can play the violin … (when her arm is better).

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8. She can ring them up … (if she finds their telephone number).

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9. They can work at school … (when they graduate from the Institute).

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10. We can go on an excursion … (if we have spare time on Sunday).

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Ex.2. Respond to these statements according to the example.

Example: They won’t be able to come to see us tomorrow.

And when will they be able to come?

1. She won’t be able to go to the theatre tomorrow.

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2. Jill won’t be able to answer all the letters today.

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3. I won’t be able to help you with English tonight.

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4. They won’t be able to come back before dinner.

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5. She won’t be able to buy a new coat this year.

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6. Mother won’t be able to prepare dinner before our arrival.

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7. He won’t be able to stay in Moscow in summer.

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8. The children won’t be able to take part in this discussion.

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Ex.3. Complete the sentences with can / be able to in the correct tense.

1. I __________ get my degree next year.

2. She ___________ visit us yesterday, because she was busy.

3. I __________ finish this work today. I’m tired.

4. We have no class on Tuesday, that’s why we __________

get ready for the next seminar.

5. I’m afraid I _________ translate this article tonight.

6. Did you buy any fresh meat? – No, I _________ get any.

7. I think you _________ play tennis better after a bit of practice.

8. She _________ dance quite nicely when she was a girl.

Ex.4. Extend the statements according to the example.

Example: I’m very busy now. (to go) - I can’t go.

1. Who is over there? (to see) ________________________

2. What language is he speaking? (to understand) ________________________

3. I’m too tired. (to walk) ________________________

4. My head is aching. (to read) ________________________

5. Don’t ask me to cook. (to cook) ________________________

6. No, I’m not going to the skating-rink. (to skate) ________________________

7. Speak louder, please. (to hear) ________________________

8. Help him to carry this box, please. (to lift) ________________________

9. Show her some more books. (to choose) ________________________

May, Must and Have to

Ex.1. Ask your teacher if you may.

1. _______________ come a bit late for the next class?

2. _______________ fetch a piece of chalk?

3. _______________ miss the lecture?

4. _______________ open the window and air the room?

5. _______________ leave the class before the bell goes?

6. _______________ shut the window if you are cold?

7. _______________ change places with somebody?

8. _______________ smoke in this room?

9. _______________do this exercises orally?

10. _______________take the book home and keep it for a week?

Ex.2. Change the following sentences in Past and Future.

Example: She must do the exercise again.

She had to do the exercise again.

She will have to do the exercise again.

1. I must cook our dinner while Mother is away.

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2. We must catch the 8.30 train to arrive in time.

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3. You must always come in time to classes.

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4. He must revise all the rules before writing the test.

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5. I must go to the laboratory after classes.

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6. We must discuss this question with the group leader.

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7. You must write a business letter on one side of the paper only.

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8. Everyone must leave hats and coats in the cloakroom.

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Ex.3. Fill inmustn’t / needn’t.

1. You __________ buy tomatoes, we have plenty of them at home.

2. One __________ cross the street with the red light.

3. David is well. He _________ take this medicine.

4. You ________ turn on the light. I can see quite well.

5. Pupils ________ talk during the lesson.

6. She ________ write the whole exercise. Ten sentences are enough.

7. You _________ take the books in my absence.

8. We _________ ring him up. He’ll be here tonight.

9. We _________ take notice of his strange behaviour.

10.You _________ worry; this matter isn’t risky at all.

Ex.4. Rewrite the sentences in the interrogative and negative form.

1. We had to work hard to learn how to solve such problems.

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2. He’ll have to answer her letter without any delay.

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3. You have to speak louder to make yourself heard.

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4. They had to repeat their experiment.

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5. I’ll have to work from morning till night to earn my living.

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6. She’ll have to give a talk at the next meeting.

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7. We had to change the plan.

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8. He has to revise all the material.

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9. She has to call on her sick friend.

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10. We have to look after granny.

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Should

Ex.1. Change the following sentences usingshould.

Example:I don’t advise you to make any marks on the books.

You shouldn’t make any marks on the books.

1. I don’t advise you to wear this dress for the occasion.

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2. It’s a pity you don’t want to apologize to him.

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3. I’ve advised you to speak to him frankly.

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4. I don’t advise them to make a decision in a hurry.

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5. I think you must consider the matter carefully.

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6. It’s a pity Mr. Wilson doesn’t walk much.

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7. I think you need more rest after your work.

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8. It’s a pity he is so inattentive.

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9. I don’t advise you to keep eggs in the refrigerator.

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10. I don’t advise Dick to ride fast.

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Ex. 2.Translate the sentences into English usingshould.

Section 2. Reading

Text 1