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Useful Language. Unit 13 Future Trends Word Definition Translation Transcription alternative something that is different from something
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Unit 13 Future Trends
| Word | Definition | Translation | Transcription |
| alternative | something that is different from something else, especially from what is usual, and offering the possibility of choice | альтернативный | ɒl tɜː.nə.tɪv |
| automobile | a car | автомобиль | ˈɔː.tə.məʊ .biːl |
| bored | feeling tired and unhappy because something is not interesting or because you have nothing to do | скучающий | bɔːd |
| career break | a period of time when you choose not to have a job, for example because you want to travel, or look after your children | перерыв в карьере | kə rɪər breɪk |
| CEO(chief executive officer) | the person with the most important position in a company | (главный) исполнительный директор | si .i əʊ |
| chemical | any basic substance which is used in or produced by a reaction involving changes to atoms ormolecules | химикат | kem.ɪ.kəl |
| climate change | the way the world's weather is changing | изменение климата | klaɪ.mət tʃeɪndʒ |
| clothing | clothes, especially of a type made to protect the wearer against heat, water or machinery | одежда | kləʊ.ðɪŋ |
| component | one of several parts of which something is made | компонент; составная часть | kəmˈpəʊ.nənt |
| concern | when you feel worried or nervous about something, or something that makes you feel worried | вопрос, проблема (вызывающие озабоченность и требующие решения) | kən sɜːn |
| course | set of classes or a plan of study on a particular subject, usually resulting in an examination or qualification | курс (лекций¸занятий) | kɔːs |
| despite | without taking any notice of or being influenced by | несмотря на, вопреки чему-л. | dɪˈspaɪt |
| (to) deteriorate | to become worse | ухудшаться, становиться хуже; | dɪˈtɪə.ri.ə.reɪt |
| dramatically | suddenly or obviously | разительно, поразительно, значительно | drə mæt.ɪ.kli |
| economic development | The growth of the economy in a place so that it becomes bigger, more successful, etc. | экономическое развитие | iː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk dɪˈvel.əp.mənt |
| energy | the power from something such aselectricity or oil, which can do work, such as providing light and heat | энергия | en.ə.dʒi |
| energy crisis | A bad situation in which it’s difficult or very expensive to get enough fuel to provide the power that homes and industries need | энергетический кризис | en.ə.dʒi kraɪ.sɪs |
| estimate | an idea of the cost, size, value etc, of something but without calculating exactly | приблизительная стоимость, оценка | ˈes.tɪ.meɪt |
| equipment | the set of necessary tools, clothing, etc. for a particular purpose | оборудование; оснащение | ɪˈkwɪp.mənt |
| (to) exceed | to be greater than a number or amount, or to go past an allowed limit | превышать; переступать пределы, границы; | ik sid |
| flexibility | the ability to change easily according to the situation | гибкость; трансформируемость; | flek.sɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti |
| flexitime | a system of working in which people can change the time they start or finish work | скользящий график | flek.si.taɪm |
| (to) forecast | to say what you think will happen in the future based on information that you have now | предвидеть, предвосхищать, предсказывать | fɔː.kɑːst |
| fuel | a substance which is used to provide heat or power, usually by being burned | топливо, горючее | fjʊəl |
| (to) get up | to wake and rise from one's bed or cause to wake and rise from bed | подниматься, вставать (после сна) | get.ʌp |
| global | relating to the whole world | всемирный, мировой | gləʊ.bəl |
| global demand | the desire or need of customers across the world for particular goods or services | мировой спрос | ˈgləʊ.bəl dɪˈmɑːnd |
| (to) go out | to leave a room or building, especially in order to do something for entertainment | бывать в обществе, выходить «в люди» | gəʊ aʊt |
| (to) import | to buy or bring in products from another country | импортировать (ввозить в страну товары из-за границы) | ɪm pɔːt |
| impractical | Impractical arrangements, ideas or methods cannot be done or used easily or effectively | непрактичный | ɪm præk.tɪ.kəl |
| (to) improve | to make something better than before | улучшать; совершенствовать | ɪmˈpruːv |
| ink | coloured liquid used for writing, printing and drawing | чернила, краска | ɪŋk |
| leisure | the time when you are not working or doing other duties | досуг, свободное время | leʒ.ər |
| (to) lose out | to not have an advantage that other people have | понести убытки | luz aʊt |
| machinery | a group of large machines or the parts of a machine which make itwork | машинное оборудование; | mə ʃiː.nə.ri |
| medicine | a substance, especially in the form of a liquid or a pill, which is a treatment for illness or injury | лекарство, медикамент | med.ɪ .sən |
| (to) meet demands | to satisfy customers’ needs | удовлетворять спрос/требования | mit dɪˈmɑːnd |
| meeting | an occasion when people come together intentionally | заседание, собрание | mi.tɪŋ |
| microwave oven | a type of oven that cooks or heats food very quickly suing electromagnetic waves | микроволновая печь | ˈmaɪ.krəʊ .weɪv ˈʌv.ən |
| (to) miss | to feel sad that a person or thing is not present | скучать (по кому-л.) | Mɪs |
| mobility | the ability to move freely or be easily moved | подвижность; мобильность | məʊ ˈbɪl.ɪ.ti |
| (to) modernize | to make something more modern | модернизировать; осовременивать, | mɒd.ən.aɪz |
| oil shortage | a situation when there’s not enough oil | нехватка нефти | ɔɪl ˈʃɔː.tɪdʒ |
| outdated | old-fashioned and therefore not as good as something modern | несовременный, устаревший | aʊt deɪ.tɪd |
| plant | a factory in which machines are used | завод, фабрика | plɑːnt |
| population growth | an increase in the size of the population (number of people living an a place) | рост населения | pɒp.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən grəʊθ |
| poverty | the condition of being extremely poor | бедность, нищета | pɒv.ə.ti |
| (to) predict | to say that something will happen in the future | предсказывать, прогнозировать | prɪˈdɪkt |
| prediction | when you say what will happen in the future | предсказание; прогноз; | prɪˈdɪk.ʃən |
| printer | a machine that is connected to a computer and prints onto paper using ink | принтер, печатающее устройство | prɪn.tər |
| productivity | the rate at which a worker or a country produces goods, compared with how much time, work and money is needed to produce them | производительность, продуктивность | ˌprɒd.ʌkˈtɪv.ɪ.ti |
| racism | the belief that the members of other races are not as good as the members of your own, or the resulting unfair treatment of members of other races | расизм, расовая дискриминация | reɪ.sɪ.zəm |
| rapid | fast or sudden | быстрый, скорый, стремительный | ræp.ɪd |
| regarding | on the subject of | относительно; касательно | rɪˈgɑː.dɪŋ |
| renewable energy | types of energy that are replaces naturally so can be used without the risk of using them all up | возобновляемый источник энергии | rɪˈnju.ə.bl ˈen.ə.dʒi |
| representative | someone who speaks or does something officially for another person or group of people | представитель; делегат; уполномоченный | rep.rɪˈzen.tə.tɪv |
| (to) resist | to refuse to accept or be changed by something | сопротивляться, противостоять | rɪˈzɪst |
| (to) restructure | to organize a company, business or system in a new way to make it operate more effectively | реструктурировать | ri strʌk.tʃər |
| (to) run out | to use up or finish a supply of something | кончаться, иссякать | rʌn aʊt |
| scheme | a plan or system for doing or organizing something | план, проект; | skiːm |
| sex equality | a situation in which men and women are treated in the same way | равноправие полов | seks ɪˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti |
| shortage | when there is not enough of something | нехватка, дефицит | ˈʃɔː.tɪdʒ |
| source | the place something comes from or starts at | источник | sɔːs |
| (to) substitute | to use something or someone instead of another thing or person | заменять, использовать вместо чего-л. | sʌb.stɪ.tjut |
| sunlight | the light that comes from the sun | солнечный свет | sʌn.laɪt |
| supply | an amount of something that is available for use | ресурсы, запас; | sə plaɪ |
| (to) survive | to continue to live or exist, especially after being in a difficult or threatening situation | выдержать, пережить, | sə vaɪv |
| (to) take over | to get control of a company by buying most of its shares (= the equal parts into which the ownership of the company is divided) | процесс поглощения (другой компании) ; приобретение контрольного пакета акций | teɪk əʊ.vər |
| teleworking | the practice of working from home, while communicating with your office by telephone, fax or computer | выполнение рабочих функций [заданий] в дистанционном режиме | tel.ɪˌwɜː.kɪŋ |
| textile | of or relating to fabrics or the making of fabrics | Текстильный | tek.staɪl |
| timetable | list of the times when events are planned to happen | график (работы и т. п.) | taɪm teɪ.bl |
| trend | a general direction in which a situation is changing or developing | общее направление, тенденция | trend |
| Turnover (of staff) | the ratio of the number of workers that had to be replaced in a given time period to the average number of workers | текучесть рабочей силы | tɜːn əʊ.vər |
| urgency | the quality or condition of being urgent, needing attention | безотлагательность, срочность | ɜː.dʒənt .si |
| warmth | the state, quality, or sensation of being warm | тепло | wɔːmθ |
| workforce | all the people who work for a particular company, organization, etc. | рабочая сила | ˈwɜːk.fɔːs |
| work-life balance | the amount of time you spend doing your job compared with the amount of time you spend with your family and doing things you enjoy | баланс между работой и личной жизнью | wɜːk laɪf bæl.əns |
| world supply | the amount of something that is available across the world | общие запасы на мировых рынках | wɜːld səˈplaɪ |
I. Match the words (1-10) with their definitions (a-j)
| 1.workforce | a. a system of working in which people can change the time they start or finish work |
| 2.deteriorate | b. one of several parts of which something is made |
| 3.exceed | c. the quality or condition of being urgent |
| 4.flexitime | d. all the people who work for a particular company, organization, etc. |
| 5.machinery | e. to become worse |
| 6.estimate | f. a group of large machines or the parts of a machine which make it work |
| 7.component | g. an amount of something that is available for use |
| 8.substitute | h. to be greater than a number or amount, or to go past an allowed limit |
| 9.supply | i. an idea of the cost, size, value of smth., but without calculating it exactly |
| 10.urgency | j. to use something or someone instead of another thing or person |
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