B) Retell the text in indirect speech.

Ex.10. Work in pairs. Make up your own dialogues, using these words and expressions.

to complain of – жаловаться на; bitter taste in one`s mouth – горький привкус во рту; to breathe deeply – дышать глубоко; to check lungs (heart) – проверять лёгкие (сердце); murmur of the heart – «шумок» в сердце; symptoms of influenza – признаки гриппа; fever – лихорадка; hard to swallow – больно глотать; after-effects – осложнения; shattered nerves – расстроенные нервы; it will pass – это пройдёт; to cough - кашлять; blood test – анализ крови; prescription – рецепт; bad (disordered) digestion – расстройство пищеварения; inherited sickness – наследственная болезнь; sore throat – больное (обложенное) горло; severe headache – мучительная головная боль; shooting (acute) pain – стреляющая (острая) боль; to stand (bear) the pain –переносить боль; to relieve the pain – облегчать боль; mixture – микстура; pills – пилюли; powders – порошки; to take on an empty stomach – принимать натощак; ointment – мазь.

Ex.11. Translate into English.

1. Я плохо себя чувствую. 2. У меня высокая температура. 3. Меня тошнит. 4. Вам следует больше бывать на свежем воздухе. 5. Мне принимать это лекарство 2 или 3 раза в день? 6. У меня болит голова. 7. Вам следует вызвать скорую помощь. 8. Что случилось? 9. Я не совсем вас понял. 10. Вам нужно пройти серьёзный медосмотр.

Тексты для самостоятельной работы студентов

1) Цветкова И.В. Английский язык для школьников и поступающих в вузы. Москва, Глосса, 1996, стр. 203 текст «Health», чтение, перевод, пересказ, задать все типы вопросов, выписать незнакомую лексику.

2) Бонк Н.А. Английский для международного сотрудничества, Москва, 1992, стр. 325-331, чтение, перевод, пересказ текста и выполнение всех упражнений.

Part 4. Моя страна.

Мой город. Достопримечательности.

Russia

Russia or the Russian Federation (both names are official) is a state located in Eurasia region of our planet (eastern part of Europe and northern part of Asia). Russia is the largest country by land area in the world (11,5% of total Earth land area). The land area of Russia is about 17,075,400 sq. km.; the population is about 141,867,000 (2009).

About 79% of Russians are living in European part of Russia. The country is the ninth by population in the world. Russian people prefer to live in cities and towns (urbanization level is 73%). Russians are the major nation of the population (80%). The official state language of the country is Russian.

Russia borders on 18 countries including Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Byelorussia, the Ukraine, Abkhazia, Georgia, South Ossetia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, and Northern Korea by land and Japan, the USA by sea.

There is hardly a country in the world where such a variety of scenery and vegetation can be found. Russia has steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east.

There are two great plains in Russia: the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland. There are several mountain chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. The largest mountain chain, the Urals, separates Europe from Asia.

There are over two million rivers in Russia. Europe's biggest river, the Volga, flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers - the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena- flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific Ocean.

Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. The world's deepest lake is Lake Baikal. It is much smaller than the Baltic Sea, but there is much more water in it than in the Baltic Sea. The water in the lake is so clear that if you look down you can count the stones on the bottom. Russia has one-sixth of the world's forests. They are concentrated in the European north of the country, in Siberia and in the Far East. On the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. In the middle of the country the climate is temperate and continental. Russia is very rich in oil, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral and energy resources and is considered as an energy superpower. Also the country has the largest number of lakes, wood and water resources. About 25% of world fresh water resources belong to Russia.

According to the Constitution, which was adopted by national referendum on 12 December 1993 following the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis, Russia is a federation and formally a semi-presidential republic, wherein the President is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government. The president is elected by popular vote for a six-year term. The Russian Federation is fundamentally structured as a representative democracy. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in the two chambers of the Federal Assembly, which consists of two chambers - the 450-member State Duma and the 176-member Federation Council.

Russia is a great power and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, a member of the G8, G20, the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Eurasian Economic Community, the OSCE, and is the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Russia has the world's 12th largest economy by nominal GDP or the seventh largest by purchasing power parity, with the fifth largest nominal military budget. It is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the world's largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. As one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council, Russia plays a major role in maintaining international peace and security.

The capital and administrative center of Russia is Moscow. It is its largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre and one of the oldest Russian cities.

The total number of cities with the population over 1 million is 11. Among them are Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Omsk, Kazan, Chelyabinsk, Rostov-on-Don, and Ufa.

Vocabulary

Eurasia - Евразия (материк)

scenery - вид, пейзаж; ландшафт

vegetation – растительность

desert - пустыня

legislative powers - законодательная власть

executive power - исполнительная власть

exercise – осуществлять

temperate – умеренный

great power - великая держава

superpower- высшая власть; сверхдержава

G8 (Group of Eight)- "Большая восьмёрка"

G20 (Group of Twenty) –"Большая индустриальная двадцатка"

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe – Организация по безопасности и сотрудничеству в Европе

Commonwealth of Independent States - Содружество Независимых Государств

GDP (gross domestic product) - валовый внутренний продукт

fresh water - пресная вода

collective security - коллективная безопасность

economic cooperation - экономическая кооперация, экономическое сотрудничество

nuclear weapon - ядерное оружие

scientific – научный

permanent - постоянный, неизменный; долговременный;

maintaining – поддержание; поддерживающий

budget - бюджет; финансовая смета

Exercise 2: Answer the questions:

1. Where is the Russian Federation located?

2. What is the land area of Russia?

3. Where do Russian people prefer to live?

4. What countries does Russia border on?

5. What is Russia rich in?

6. How many types of climate are there on the vast territory of the country?

7. When was the Constitution of the Russian Federation adopted?

8. What role does Russia play in maintaining international peace and security?

Exercise 3: Find the Russian equivalents for the following English words and word combinations:

to be located; the Far East; legislative powers; fresh water; exercise; the head of state; mountain chain; vegetation; collective security; temperate; energy resources; Commonwealth of Independent States; Eurasia; to separate; to be rich in smth.; scientific; scenery; plain; forest; to border on; highland; United Nations;maintaining; superpower; executive power; budget; nuclear weapon.

Exercise 4: Insert the missing words from the text:

1. About 79% of Russians are living in …….. part of Russia.

2. The largest mountain chain, the Urals, separates Europe from …...

3. Russia is very ….. in oil, iron ore, natural gas and other mineral resources.

4. Russia borders …..18 countries.

5. There are several mountain ……. on the territory of the country.

6. The Amur in the Far East flows into the …… Ocean.

7. Russia has …… of the world's forests.

8. Executive power is ……… by the government.

9. The President is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of ……..

10. Russia is a great power and a …… member of the United Nations Security Council.

Exercise 5: Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Россия или Российская Федерация - государство, расположенное в Восточной Европе и Северной Азии.

2. Большая часть населения России проживает в городах.

3. Россия обладает крупнейшими в мире запасами минеральных и энергетических ресурсов.э

4. Законодательную власть осуществляет Федеральное Собрание — парламент, состоящий из двух палат.

5. Главой государства является Президент России, избираемый на 6 лет всенародным голосованием.

6. Россия занимает первое место в мире по площади лесов.

7. Всего в России 11 городов с населением более миллиона человек.

Exercise 6. Read and translate the text, learn the active vocabulary: