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Косвенная речь Изменения во временах
| Direct speech | Reported speech | Example |
| Present simple | Past simple | ‘I need a card,’ he said. He said he needed a card. |
| Present continuous | Past continuous | ‘I am reading a letter,’ he said. He said he was reading a letter. |
| Present perfect | Past perfect | ‘I have done it,’ he said. He said he had done it. |
| Present perfect continuous | Past perfect continuous | ‘I’ve been thinking about it.’ He said. He said he had been thinking about it. |
| Past simple | Past perfect | ‘I spent all money,’ he said. He said he had spent all money. |
| Past perfect | Past perfect (no tense change) | ‘I’d looked everywhere.’ He said. He said he’d looked everywhere. |
| Past perfect continuous | Past perfect continuous (no tense change) | ‘I’d been looking for him,’ she said. She said she’d been looking for him. |
| Am/is/are going to | Was/were going to | ‘I’m going to see her,’ he said. He said he was going to see her. |
| will | would | ‘I’ll need it,’ he said. He said he would need it. |
| can | could | ‘I can swim,’ he said. He said he could swim. |
| Must/have to | Had to | ‘I must go,’ he said. He said he had to go. |
| May/might | might | ‘I may go there,’ he said. He said he might go there. |
Изменения в местоимениях
| Direct speech | Reported speech | Example |
| my | his/her | ‘I’ve lost my card,’ he said. He said he had lost his card. |
| this/that | the/that | ‘I love this book,’ he said. He said he loved the/that book. |
| this/that | it | ‘This is nice book,’ he said. He said it was a nice book. |
| these/those | the/those | ‘I love these books,’ he said. He said he loved the/those books. |
| these/those | they | ‘These are lovely books,’ he said. He said they were lovely books. |
| these/those | them | ‘I’m going to buythese,’ he said. He said he was going to buy them. |
Изменения в обозначении времени и места
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
| this/these | that/those |
| here | there |
| today | that day |
| yesterday | the day before |
| tomorrow | the next day |
| last week (year) | the week (year) before |
| next week (year) | the following week (year) |
| the day before yesterday | two days before |
| the day after tomorrow | two days later |
| ago | before |
Изменение вспомогательных и модальных глаголов в косвенной речи
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
| am/is | was |
| are | were |
| do/does | did |
| have/has | had |
| will | would |
| can | could |
| may | might |
| must | had to |
При переводе в косвенную речь вопроса:
1) Специальные вопросы вводятся вопросительными словами;
2) Общие вопросы вводятся союзами if/whether (в русском – частица «ли»);
3) Используется прямой порядок слов (как в утвердительном предложении).
He asked me if I had seen the film.
He asked me when I had seen the film.
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