U N I T 1

Grammar: Sentences with the verbs to be, to have

Construction there + to be

Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs

Nouns: Countable and Uncountable; Plural and Singular

Indefinite (Simple) Tense

Text: From the History of Railways: 200 Years of Progress

Word Building: -er (-or), -ion (-sion, -tion, -ation), -ist, -ant (-ent), -able (-ible)

READING RULES

Exercise 1 Read the following words.

1. Blame, pale, mate, sake, make, fat, van, sane, name, bad, late, ale, plan, stamp, lad, fame, sand, lamp, man, ape, wake, mad, gate, gave, take, sad, came, behave, amaze, same, dam.

2. Eve, me, net, lend, bet, be, left, let, best, slept, met, sea, mete, spend, Pete, eke, men, fee, red, below, desire, degree, express.

3. My, size, tip, style, fit, type, time, system, mine, fine, side, lift, stick, bye, pit-stop, dive, tin, glide, write, gin, miss, pine, pipeline, sin, tint, sink, hide, which, why, write, mystery, virus, typist.

4. Mute, nude, hut, but, cut, mud, use, dust, fuse, tune, gun, cup, stuff, due, tube, cute, dumb, hue, sue, shut, Dutch, jump, shy, fun, duke, during, furious, refuse, curious, duty.

5. So, no, go, smoke, cost, stone, sole, zone, lot, stop, not, on, dome, scope, sock, vote, note, spoke, alone, rock, role, bottle, wrote, joke.

[oʊ] Oh, no, don’t go home alone.

Nobody knows how lonely the road is.

[i:] A sailor went to sea to see what he could see.

But all he could see was sea, sea, sea.

GRAMMAR

Sentences with the Verbto be

(Речення з дієсловом to be)

Exercise 2 Make the sentences negative and interrogative, translate them.

1. He is a well-known scientist. 2. They are at the lecture. 3. It’s all over now. 4. We were friends many years ago. 5. She will be busy tomorrow. 6. My grandfather was a railwayman. 7. It was unusually warm yesterday. 8. The theme of the congress is ‘High-Speed Railways’.

Exercise 3 Say the following sentences in the Past and Future Indefinite and add the appropriate time guide(yesterday, 2 days ago, tomorrow, next week, last month, in a year, tonight, when I was a child, etc.)

1. Victor is free tonight. 2. John is in America now. 3. I am not very busy this week. 4. He isn’t in the mood to talk. 5. The child is ten years old. 6. My younger brother is fond of football. 7. The children are at school. 8. We are first-year students. 9. It isn’t cold. 10. What is the weather like today?