Exercise 21 Change the following sentences according to the model.

Model: 1. She is probably in her office now. – She must be in her office now. 2. Surely they have left already. – They must have left already.

1. Her shoes evidently pinch her, she can hardly walk. 2.No doubt you are run down, you look pale and tired. 3. You probably want a good deal of exercise to put you in proper shape. 4. He pretended to be innocent, but I’m sure he did it. 5. George was standing very close to you. Of course you saw him. 6. You look very well. It seems you enjoyed your holiday. 7. My coat isn’t there. Perhaps someone has taken it by mistake. 8. Our house is in Bradford Road too. We probably live very close to you. 9. His car is not in the garage. I suppose he has taken it to work. 10. Peter has worked here for ages. I’m sure he knows the answer. 11. The children aren’t at home. They’ve probably left for school.

Exercise 22 Reconstruct the following situations into dialogues usingmustto express logical assumption.

1. You are looking for your gloves. You can’t find them anywhere. You suppose that you’ve lost them. Your sister, however, believes that you’ve put them in the place they don’t belong.

2. Bob and you don’t find Nick at home on Sunday. You suppose that he went hiking. Bob protests saying that he could not have done it without telling you about his plans first. He is sure that he is in town and will turn up in no time.

Exercise 23 Which of these things could you have done if you had lived a hundred years ago? Which things couldn’t you have done? Compose sentences according to the model.

Model: A hundred years ago I could have ridden a horse, but I couldn’t have flown in an airplane.

For ideas: listened to Beethoven, travelled by train, played computer games, learnt English, gone to the cinema, played chess, listened to The Beatles, read Shakespeare, read Ernest Hemingway, watched television.

Exercise 24 Change sentences usingought to haveorought not to have (should have or shouldn’t have)according to the model.

Model: When we got to the restaurant there were no free tables. We hadn’t reserved one. – We should have reserved a table.

1. We went for a walk. While we were walking we got hungry but we hadn’t brought anything with us to eat. 2. The driver in front stopped suddenly without warning and I drove into the back of his car. It wasn’t my fault. 3. The accident happened because Tom was driving on the wrong side of the road. 4. It was silly of John to leave home without telling us. 5. Why didn’t you ask for permission? 6. I wish we hadn’t stayed so late. 7. Why didn’t you go to the doctor’s earlier? 8. It’s a pity you didn’t meet Jenny while you were here. 9. I’m sorry I got so angry about what happened. 10. It would have been better if you had come on your own.

Exercise 25 Change the following sentences. Instead of modal words expressing supposition useshouldorought to+infinitiveaccording to the model.

Model: Probably she is at home by now. – She should (ought to) be at home by now.

1. If you hurry up you will probably catch up with them. 2. I suppose the weather will continue fine. 3. I believe the book is still on sale, it came out only a few days ago. 4. In all probability the match will be called off, it’s raining fast. 5. Now that I’m snowed under with work I hope she won’t lay claims on my time.

Exercise 26 Dramatize the story given below. Retell it in your own words usingmustto express supposition.