Approach

ПРЕДТЕКСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

Упражнение 1.Переведите предложения со сложным дополнением.

1. We know Morse to have been a painter by profession. 2. Sci­entists expect lasers to solve the problem of controlled thermonu­clear reaction. 3. M. Faraday supposed a beam of light to reverse its polarization as it passed through a magnetized crystal. 4. Designers expect dirigibles to be used for exploration of new territories. 5. Japanese designers believe a new ceramic engine to replace the conventional one. 6 Engineers suppose a new «night vision» system to enable drivers to see better after dark. 7. Scientists believe new laser devices to be widely used in medicine. 8. We know the first digital optical disks to have been produced as disks for music. 9. They believed him to be capable.

Упражнение 2.Найдите инфинитив в предложениях, переведите.

А. 1. Hundreds of radio navigation stations watch the airplanes find their destination and land safely. 2. Twice a year people see birds fly south and north, but we don't know how they find their way. 3. At the Paris Exhibition people watched the cargo airplane «Ruslan» carry a great amount of cargo. 4. When you stand near a working engine you feel it vibrate. 5. Making experiments with electric telegraph Morse noticed a pencil make a wavy line when

connected to an electric wire. 6. Nowadays people watch on televi­sion cosmonauts work in space, «Lunokhod» move on the surface of the Moon and Olympic games take place on the other side of the globe.

B. 1. A force applied to a body causes it to move in a straight line. 2. The unsatisfactory results of Bell's experiments forced him to change the method of testing. 3. The excellent properties of Da­mascus steel made metallurgists of the whole world look for the lost secret of the steel. 4. Very high temperatures often cause certain materials to break. 5. Bad weather conditions make pilots switch over to automatic control.

Упражнение 3.Обратите внимание на инфинитивный оборот, состоя­щий из предлога for, дополнения и инфинитива.

1. It was the only thing for us to do. 2. The students were wait­ing for the lecturer to describe the properties of a new composite material. 3. It is for you to decide which of the two methods to use. 4. It is necessary for the students to know the properties of various alloys. 5. A system of satellites is provided for people to watch the central TV program.

Упражнение 4.Переведите предложения со сложным подлежащим.

A. 1. Students of Cambridge are supposed to wear gowns at lec­
tures. 2. The first pocket-size colour television sets were reported to
have been developed. 3. Today's aircraft is expected to be replaced
by a new model of hypersonic aircraft in a few years. 4. Intensive
research on optical-electronic computer is said to be going on in a
number of US companies. 5. A method for recording information
on crystal by means of a laser is known to have been developed by a
Russian researcher. 6. The annual output of personal computers is
expected to reach millions in the near future. 7. The laser is known
to be a device producing an intensive beam of light by amplifying
radiation. 8. Optical technology has been found to be cost-effec­
tive. 9. The optical equivalent of a transistor is reported to have
been produced.

B. 1. Our present-day life seems to be quite impossible without
telephone, radio, and television. 2. Nowadays the principle of radio
operation seems to be quite simple. 3. The term «radar» is known to
be composed of the first letters of «radio, detection and ranging». It
happens to reflect its basic principle, that is, the location of an ob­
ject at a distance. 4. About 50 per cent of Lake Baikal water proved
to have been polluted since the Baikal plant has begun its work.

5. Lasers appeared to be highly useful for solving the problem of controlled thermonuclear reaction and communication. 6. A sys­tem of Earth satellites appears to have solved the problem of trans­mitting the central TV program to any part of the world. 7. Electricity proved to be able to travel instantly over a long piece of wire.

С 1. Dirigibles are likely to be used for taking tourists to distant and beautiful places. 2. Lasers are unlikely to be used in our every­day life soon. 3. Superconductivity is certain to bring about new discoveries in science and technology.

Упражнение 5.Прочитайте, запомните выделенные слова.

Do you know what the words eitherand neithermean?

Yes, I do. Eithermeans каждый, любой, любой из двух,while

neitherstands for ни один, ни один (из).

That's correct. Can you give examples?

Yes I can. For example: There is a number of lecture rooms on eitherside of the corridor. Which of these dictionaries can be used for translating a technical article? You may use either.And in what way is eithertranslated when it is used with or?For instance: «Please, bring some dictionaries eitherfrom the library orfrom the reading room.» Either... or...means либо ... либо, или... или.Now let us speak about neither,it is the negative form of either,meaning ни тот... ни другой.For instance: I was offered two books, but I took neitherof them, as I did not like them. And neitherconnected with normeans ни... ни,for example: These problems seemed difficult neitherto my friend, norto me. Are these words used in any other way?

Yes, they may be used in short negative sentences such as: «I don't like this book», said Peter. «Neitherdo I», said Ann, which means мне тоже(не нравится). I shall not go to the library to­morrow. He won't go either. Он тоже(не пойдет).

Упражнение 6.Переведите, обращая внимание на разные значения слов тоге и much.