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Vocabulary extension
1. to be colonized – to be populated, settled
2. habitat – natural environment of an animal or a plant
3. to accomplish – to succeed in doing smth.
4. stunning – splendid, impressive
5. game animals – animals that hunted and killed for food
6. to fashion – to make or design smth.
7. repertoire – the total number of things that someone is able to do
8. at bay – of a hunted animal forced to face its attackers and show defiance because unable to escape
9. to recede – to move away, disappear
Ex. 1. Match the words in column A with their definitions in column B.
| A | B |
| 1) mural | a) hunting |
| 2) habitation | b) to require, demand |
| 3) breathtaking | c) to happen |
| 4) implements | d) a large painting done on a wall |
| 5) specifically | e) a place to live in |
| 6) to call for | f) stunning |
| 7) game | g) particularly, precisely |
| 8) to occur | h) tools |
Ex. 2. Complete the sentences, use the words and expressions from the text.
1. Between 40.000 and 30.000 years ago the Eastern Hemisphere was populated …
2. Since Australia was colonized before 30.000 years ago the entire globe then knew … … more or less as it does today.
3. One of the first things modern humans … was the creation of the most stunning paintings known in the entire history of human art.
4. It is certain that the early hunting society that produced the cave paintings was one that had arrived at …
5. Examples of the implements handicraft workers added to the ancient human tool kit included … … .
6. Since the early human beings relied on game most of all, they migrated …
7. But as the last glaciers receded northwards such species as reindeer, elk, wild boar and European bison …
Words for reference: extensive specializations and differention of labour; accomplished; retreated with them; with game herds; human beings anatomically just like us; habitation; fish hooks, harpoons, bows and arrows, and needles.
Ex. 3. Fill in the following prepositions: at, in, on, by, between, over, for, of.
1. There was then a land connection … Siberia and Alaska.
2. In … 200 caves so far discovered, the ealiest known artists painted breathtaking murals … prancing animals.
3. The emphasis … this care art was unquestionably … movement.
4. Handicraft workers … the same societies concurrently developed extraordinary facility … fashioning tools.
5. Hunting … the period between 30.000 and 12.000 years ago would have called … specialized training.
6. Hunters of that time followed preservation rules … not killing everything they could.
7. Nonetheless, masses of charred bones are found regularly … archeological sites.
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