I. Find a paragraph proving the title of the article.

II. Pay attention to the spread of street gangs from one large city to another, from one state to another. Name all of them.

III. Find and name:

1. the crimes committed by the gangs;

2. the causes of gangs spread.

VI. Comment on: “Many gangs are turning more violent”.

VII. Answer the questions:

1. What crime does the article begin with?

2. What other crimes are described in the article?

3. How is gang activity spread?

4. Why are youth gang spreading to suburb?

5. What is a problem of suburban gangs?

VIII. Speak in the name of a criminologist.

IX. Give a summary of the article using the question’s as a plan.

X. Talking points.

1. “Evanston’s problem is far from a unique one”.

2. The spread of gang activities.

3. Gang activities and society.

3. При самостоятельном изучении отдельных тем необходимо:

1) внимательно ознакомиться с грамматическим материалом, изложенным в учебниках и учебных пособиях, рекомендованных при изучении данной дисциплины; 2) выписать и выучить новые лексические единицы и речевые формулы; 3) выполнить предложенные в учебнике упражнения на отработку лексических, грамматических и речевых навыков.

Для закрепления и обобщения лексико-грамматических навыков и умений, сформированных в рамках аудиторных занятий, предлагаются следующие образцы заданий для контролируемой самостоятельной работы студентов.

Контрольное задание №1

Для того, чтобы правильно выполнить контрольное задание №1, необходимо повторить следующий грамматический материал:

1) Глагол: видо-временные формы глагола: Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect в страдательном залоге.

2) Причастие I: формы и функции.

3) Причастие II: функции.

4) Герундий: формы и функции.

5) Многофункциональные слова: “one”, “that”.

Вариант 1

I. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на особенности перевода страдательного залога.

1. A number of measures to strengthen the criminal justice system have been taken recently.

2. Official statistics of crimes may be affected by changes in the proportion of crimes which are undiscovered or unreported.

3. As a part of the Government’s programme, these successful projects are being extended on the same basis to some other urban areas.

4. The Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme will be established on a statutory basis: this means that victims of violent crime will be entitled to compensation as a right.

5. As a result of some reforms many of law institutes are regulated, but none of the English law branches has been codified so far.

II. Переведите предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на время и залог сказуемого.

0. Свидетелей примут и выслушают через час.

1. Судебное разбирательство только что проведено и дело отправлено в суд высшей инстанции.

2. Запись судебного процесса всегда ведется секретарем суда.

3. Судебная система Великобритании была описана во многих учебниках много лет тому назад.

4. Судья вошел в зал в тот момент, когда дело как раз обсуждали.

III. Определите функцию причастия I и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Having been cautioned beforehand he did not commit a crime.

2. Arresting a person in connection with a serious offence the police may keep him up to 36 hours.

3. There is an unpleasant incident in a shop requiring the police interference.

4. The policeman making the investigation interrogated all witnesses.

1. Having brought a criminal charge the police passed the papers to the Crown Prosecution Service.

IV. Определите функцию причастия II и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The police may arrest a person without a warrant under the arrest scheme established by the 1984 Police Act.

2. When brought before a court the offender was released on bail.

3. It is a basic principle of the British criminal justice system that accused people should not be remanded in custody except where strictly necessary.

4. Every person charged with an offence should appear before a local magistrates’ court.

5. When appointed Justices of the Peace are to attend courses of instruction about their work.

V. Определите функцию герундия и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The work of the police is aimed at preventing crimes and offences.

2. Appointing Justices of the Peace to their positions may be done only by the Lord Chancellor on the advice of Local Appointing Committees.

3. In addition to dealing with offences the magistrates’ courts send cases to the Crown Court either for trial or for sentence.

4. The Government did not approve the method of altering court procedures.

5. The judge stopped hearing the case in the court because of the lack of evidence.

VI. Определите функцию слов с окончаниями –ed и –ing и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Accusing a person the prosecution must prove that he is guilty.

2. The Prosecutor accusing a person must establish the fact that he is guilty.

3. Before accusing a person of a crime the prosecution calls and examines all the witnesses.

4. The police arrested a person without accusing him of any crime.

5. He is always accusing everybody without any reason.

6. In a Crown Court the accused person is asked by the Clerk if he is guilty or not guilty.

7. When accused a person is brought before a magistrate and asked if he is guilty or not guilty.

8. He was accused of a crime but released on bail.

9. The prosecutor accused the criminal and the jury found him guilty.

10. After the police had accused the offender they brought him before the magistrate who fined him for the offence.

VII. Прочитайте текст, выпишите 10 предложений со словами “that, those, one, ones”, определите их функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык.