Раздел 2.1.

2.1.1. Поставьте глагол, данный в скобках, в видо-временную форму Present Perfect:

Образец:

1. I just (to speak) to him. 2. She never (to be) in Paris. 3. I (to be) very busy lately. 4. They (not to come) yet. 5. Sue already (to buy) a new house. 6. Mike (to meet) her today. 7. We (to watch) interesting programs on TV this week. 8. I (to see) this film three times. 9. He (to live) in this house for many years. 10.She (to be married) for three years.

2.1.2. Прочитайте предложения в видо-временной форме Present Perfect, задайте общий вопрос и дайте отрицательный ответ:

Образец:

1. They have already bought a new house. 2. My parents have already returned from Spain. 3. He has already heard this news. 4. She has already read this story. 5. They have already paid all the bills. 6. They have just arrived from London. 7. We have had three lectures today. 8. You have studied some economic laws this month. 9. I have read this novel twice. 10. He has called you three times.

2.1.3. Прочитайте предложения в видо-временной форме Past Perfect, задайте общий вопрос и дайте отрицательный ответ:

Образец:

1. My friend had left when we arrived. 2. We had left an hour before he returned. 3. They had done that work by last Friday. 4. Before we went sightseeing we had studied the map. 5 They had sold all the tickets by the time I called. 6. We had studied the train schedule before we went to the booking office. 7. By the time he came we had cleaned the house. 8. They had paid all the bills before they left for home. 9. They had visited their granny before they left Moscow. 10. Our manager had signed the contract when I came to the office.

2.1.4. Прочитайте предложения в видо-временной форме Future Perfect, задайте общий вопрос и дайте отрицательный ответ:

Образец:

1. My father will have ordered the tickets by that date. 2. She will have done this work by Friday. 3. He will have booked the tickets by tomorrow. 4. They will have sold their car by next month. 5. Tom will have written his report by that time. 6. Mother will have prepared the dinner when we come. 7. I will have called him by that time. 8. The clerk will have printed the papers by next Wednesday. 9. He will have signed the papers by noon. 10. Jane will have answered the letter by that time.

2.1.5. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Студенты уже сдали экзамены. 2. Солнце уже взошло. 3. Дети ещё не встали. 4. Я посмотрел интересную передачу по телевизору сегодня. 5. Фильм уже закончился, когда я пришла домой. 6. Они уже построили новый дом, когда их сын женился. 7. Снегопад закончился, когда наступило утро. 8. Я закончу писать доклад к понедельнику. 9. Студенты сдадут экзамены к февралю. 10. Они вернутся домой к девяти часам.

2.1.6. Прочитайте предложения в видо-временной форме Present Perfect Continuous, задайте cпециальный вопрос, начиная со слов данных в скобках:

Образец:

1. He has been working at this problem since August. (Since when …?) 2. They have been studying the contract for two hours. ( How long …?) 3.The managers have been discussing this matter for half an hour. (How long …?) 4. They have been dancing since nine. (Since when …?) 5. She has been speaking on the phone for half an hour. (How long …?) 6. The children have been watching TV since morning. (How log ...?) 7. He has been reading since three o’clock. (Since when …?) 8. They have been doing this work for two hours. (How long …?) 9. You have been playing computer games since nine. (Since when …?) 10. My boss has been writing a report for two hours. (How long …?)

2.1.7. Прочитайте предложения в видо-временной форме Past Perfect Continuous, задайте cпециальный вопрос, начиная со слов данных в скобках:

Образец:

1. They had been doing this work for several days when they got this offer. (How long …?) 2. The clerks had been preparing the documents for an hour when their boss came. (How long …?) 3. We had been skiing for half an hour when the snowfall began. (How long …?) 4. I had been cooking for an hour when my friends came. (How long …?) 5. The children had been watching TV for two hours when mother switched it off.. (How long …?) 6. They had been discussing the contract since 10 a.m.when they came to agreement at last. (Since when …?) 7. He had been having a shower for ten minutes when this TV program began. (How long …?) 8. The car had been running well since August when the accident happened. (Since when …?) 9. By the time I finished my shopping I had been walking for three hours. (How long …?) 10. He had been playing tennis for some years before he could play well. (How long …?)

2.1.8. Прочитайте предложения, поставив глагол в видо-временную форму Future Perfect Continuous:

Образец:

1. I (to write) this article for a week by next Monday. 2. He (to watch) this program for twenty minutes when his friend comes. 3. She (to have a shower) for ten minutes when the film begins. 4. He (to wash) his car for some minutes when the mechanic comes. 5. The managers (to discuss) this matter for half an hour when the boss comes. 6. They (to have talks) for two hours when they come to an agreement. 7. The children (to watch) TV for an hour when mother comes. 8. When I return the children (to play) computer games for forty minutes. 9. When we come to the conclusion I (to discuss) this problem with my friends for some time. 10. He (to work) at this problem for a month when he makes an experiment.

2.1.9. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Он с утра читает. 2. Мои родители путешествуют по Америке с начала сентября. 3. Мы изучаем экономику в течение трёх лет. 4. Я уже полтора часа смотрю эту передачу. 5. Управляющие уже два часа обсуждали контракт, когда пришёл генеральный директор. 6. Мы уже час катались на лыжах, когда пошёл сильный снег. 7. Дождь шёл минут сорок, когда мы решили поехать на станцию на такси. 8. Дети играли уже часа два, когда наступило время обеда. 9. Мы будем вести переговоры два часа, когда приедет наш главный экономист. 10. Они будут обедать в ресторане минут двадцать, когда ты к ним присоединишься.

2.1.10. Вставьте недостающие части речи.

2.1.11.Отработайте произношение слов, уточнив транскрипцию по

по словарю.

2.1.12. Переведите данные словосочетания на русский язык.

Three terms, to be divided, from the beginning, the best-known universities, at least, to be necessary, to be enough, citizen, local authority, to differ from each other, methods of instruction, a university graduate, important feature, research, date from, so-called, to include, to set up, among them, to offer full-time courses, to specialize in, particular, cooking, hairdressing, part –time courses, strong ties, own, to attend lectures, to keep in touch, formal qualification, to enter ordinary university, to train in law, way of life.

2.1.13. Прочитайте текст и назовите типы высших учебных заведений, упомянутых в тексте:

LIFE AT COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY

The academic year in Britain’s universities, Polytechnics, Colleges of Education is divided into three terms, which usually run from the beginning of October to the middle of December, from the middle of January to the end of March, and from the middle of April to the end of June or the beginning of July.

There are 46 universities in Britain. The oldest and best-known universities are located in Oxford, Cambridge, London, Leeds, Manchester, Liverpool, Edinburgh, Southampton, Cardiff, Bristol, Birmingham.

Good A-level results in at least two subjects are necessary to get a place at the university. However, good exam passes alone are not enough. Universities choose their students after interviews. For all British citizens a place at a university brings with it a grant from their local education authority.

English universities greatly differ from each other. They differ in date of foundation, size, history, tradition, general organization, methods of instruction, way of student life.

After three years of study a university graduate will leave with a Degree of a Bachelor of Arts, Science, Engineering, Medicine, etc. Later he may continue to take the Master’s Degree and then the Doctor’s Degree. Research is an important feature of university work.

The two intellectual eyes of Great Britain – Oxford and Cambridge Universities – date from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.

The Scottish universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh date from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

In the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth centuries the so-called Redbrick universities were founded. These include London, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, Sheffield, and Birmingham. During the late sixtieth and early seventieth some 20 new universities were set up. Sometimes they are called “concrete and glass’ universities. Among them are the universities of Sussex, York, East Anglia and some others.

During these years the Government set up thirty Polytechnics. The Polytechnics, like the universities, offer first and higher degrees. Some of them offer full-time and sandwich courses. Colleges of Education provide two-year courses in teacher education or sometimes three years if the graduate specializes in some particular subject.

Some of those who decide to leave school at the age of 16 may go to a further education college where they can follow a course in typing, engineering, town planning, cooking, or hairdressing, full-time or part-time. Further education colleges have strong ties with commerce and industry.

There is an interesting form of studies which is called the Open University. It is intended for people who study in their own free time and who “attend” lectures by watching television and listening to the radio. They keep in touch by phone and letter with their tutors and attend summer schools. The Open University students have no formal qualifications and would be unable to enter ordinary universities.

Some 80,000 overseas students study at British universities or further education colleges or train in nursing, law, banking or in industry.

2.1.14. Укажите, какие предложения соответствуют содержанию текста, подтвердите свои ответы фактами из текста:

1. The students of Polytechnics can get only the first degree.

2. The Redbrick universities were set up in seventieth last century.

3. There are three terms in the academic year in British universities.

4. The students of the Open University get first and higher degrees.

5. One can enter the university if he or she has good result in one subject.

6. College of Education provides four-year courses.

7. The students of the Open University should attend lectures during the academic year.

8. All the universities in Britain have the same traditions and general organization.

9. The students of Polytechnics may work and study at the same time.

10. The universities of Sussex, York and East Anglia are sometimes called “concrete and glass” universities.

11. Children at the age of fourteen may go to a further education college.

12. There are no overseas students at British universities.

2.1.15. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. How many terms are there in the academic year in Britain?

2. How many universities are there in Great Britain?

3. What is necessary to get a place at the university?

4. Who gets grants at the universities?

5. How do the universities differ?

6. What degree does the university graduate get after three years of studying?

7. How many years does it take to get the Master’s Degree and the Doctor’s Degree?

8. What is an important feature of university work?

9. How old is Oxford University?

10. How old is Cambridge University?

11. How old are the Scottish Universities?

12. When were the Redbrick universities founded?

13. When were the “concrete and glass” universities set up?

14. How many Polytechnics did the Government set up?

15. What degrees do Polytechnics offer?

16. What courses do they offer?

17. What courses do the Colleges of Education provide?

18. What course can the young people follow after leaving school at the age of 16?

19. What is the method of instruction at the Open University?

20. How do the students of the Open University keep in touch with their tutors?

21. Do the Open University students have formal qualification?

22. How many overseas students are there in Britain?

2.1.16. Прочитайте текст. Найдите английские эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний:

Поддерживать связь, быть недостаточным, выпускник университета, местные власти, так называемый, присуждённая квалификация, гражданин, поступить в обычный университет, два семестра, среди них, отличаться друг от друга, самые известные университеты, включать в себя, датироваться, быть необходимым, особенный, парикмахерское дело, предлагать очное обучение, с начала двадцатого века, учреждать, прочные связи, методы обучения, образ жизни, по крайней мере, важная черта, исследование, кулинария, собственный, торговля, получать подготовку в юриспруденции, посещать лекции, специализироваться в, быть разделенным на.

2.1.17. Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения, используя данные слова и словосочетания:

1. Они поддерживают связь со своими руководителями по телефону.

2. Мой друг получил стипендию от правительства.

3. Мы прошли курс экономики в прошлом году.

4. Я бы хотел получить подготовку по банковскому делу.

5. Этот университет готовит экономистов и бухгалтеров.

6. Эти народы очень отличаются своими традициями.

7. Его дядя получил докторскую степень в прошлом году.

8. Мои братья очень отличаются друг от друга.

9. Чтобы получить место в университете вам необходимо пройти собеседование.

10. Московский государственный университет был основан в 1755 году.

11. Эти студенты специализировались в юриспруденции.

12. Наш преподаватель использует различные современные методы обучения.

13. Я хочу продолжить обучение и получить степень магистра.

14. Необходимо получить хорошие результаты по крайней мере по двум предметам, чтобы поступить в университет.

15. Он студент очного отделения нашего университета, а её брат учится и работает.

16. Эти университеты очень отличаются методом обучения.

2.1.18. Прочитайте текст и найдите предложение, сказуемое которого выражено видо-временной формой Future Indefinite.

2.1.19. Сократите текст, опустив несущественные детали.

2.1.20. Составьте план и передайте содержание текста по ключевым словам:

Academic year, good results, interview, to leave with a degree, to be founded, Polytechnics, to offer, a further education college, to be intended for, to attend, overseas.

2.1.21. Расскажите, какие возможности продолжить образование после получения обязательного общего среднего образования существуют в нашей стране.