THE USA

1. The USA is one of the largest countries in the world. It is situated in the central part of the North American continent. The area of the USA is over nine million square kilometres. It is washed by the Pacific Ocean and by the Atlantic Ocean. The population of the United States is nearly 250 million people. The official language of the country is English. The capital of the country, Washington, was named in honour of the first President, George Washington.

2. If we look at the map of the USA we can see lowlands and mountains. The Cordillera and the Rocky mountains are well known mountains of the North American continent. America’s largest rivers are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Rio Grande and the Columbia. As the USA is the large country, the climate is different in different regions. The Pacific coast is a region of mild winters and warm, dry summers. The region around the Great Lakes has changeable weather.

3. The USA is a highly developed industrial country. Among the most important manufacturing industries are: armament, aircraft, cars, textiles, radio and television sets, and furniture. When travelling round the USA we can visit the largest and the most beautiful cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and others.

4. The USA is a federal republic, consisting of fifty states. Each of these states has its own government. The seat of the central government is Washington, District of Columbia. According to the US constitution the powers of the government are divided into three branches: the executive, the legislative and the judicial. The Congress consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The President is the head of the State and the government. He is elected for four years. There are two main political parties in the USA: the Republican and the Democratic.

Пояснения к тексту:

manufacturing – промышленный

executive power– исполнительная власть

legislative power– законодательная власть

judicial power – судебная власть

the powers – полномочия

Washington D.C. – г. Вашингтон, округ Колумбия

V. Прочитайте первый абзац текста и вопрос к нему; из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащий правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос:

Where is the USA situated?

1. The USA is situated in the western part of the North American continent.

2. The USA is situated in the central part of the North American continent.

3. The USA is situated in the southern part of the North American continent.

ВАРИАНТ 4

I. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол- сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций (см. образец выполнения 1).

a)

I. He has been in London many times.

2. When you telephoned, I was having dinner.

3 The professor had left by the time we arrived.

6)

1. The goods will be delivered in the morning.

2. We are asked to come early.

3. He was given a very good piece of advice.

II. Перепишите следующие упражнения, подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 2).

1. Having much time we decided to walk to the station.

2. Dried and sorted the goods were delivered to the shop.

3. The books published for children are well illustrated.

4. This is a reliable company, always delivering loads in time..

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. He can't play tennis very well now, but he could play tennis well when he was younger.

2.I am not sure but Tom may come to see us tomorrow.

3. You must have a passport to visit most foreign countries.

4. I can't meet you on Friday, I have to work.

5. In spring one should take more vitamins..

IV. Прочитайте и письменно переведите 1,3 и 4-й абзацы текста.

V. Прочитайте 2-ой абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос:

What is tightly controlled by the government ?

1. The economic strategy is tightly controlled by the government.

2. The working of the market is tightly controlled by the government.

3. Public spending and borrowing arc tightly controlled by the government.