CHRISTMAS

It is traditional in Great Britain to play party games, such as charades, over Christmas, and hence the paper hats, crowns and balloons associated with the festivities. Crackers are a traditionally British Custom. They are indoor fire-crackers containing small gifts which spill out when the crackers are pulled, making a long bang. Also very much part of festivities are pantomimes. These are burlesque plays, often with only atenuous thread holding the performance together.

Carols are sung over the Christmas period. They derive from early song dances dealing with courtship and Spring. By the 14th century, the first religious carols appeared. The distinguished feature of carols is that they express joy and happiness.

Today groups of carol singers still go from house to house singing carols, usually with a money box, collecting for charity. Carols are sung almost anywhere. There are special carol services in churches. Sometimes they are by candle light. Fire and light are essential part of Christmas, remembering that Christ was the Light of the World and today candles shine brightly in churches and homes.

One of the high-lights of Christmas Day for the British is the Queen's speech. It was first started by King George V and which, although very modern in origin is now an essetial part of the day's festivities.

Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What is the origin of carols?

2. What do they express?

3. Where are carols sung?

4. Why are fire and light essential part of Christmas?

5. What else is an essential part of the day's festivities?

Контрольное задание N 3

Для правильного выполнения контрольного задание N 3 необходимо изучить следующие разделы курса английского языка:

1. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

2. Простые неличные формы глагола: инфинитив, причастие, герундий, их функции в предложении. Отличие герундия от причастия.

Вариант 1

I. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. Ask Ann about your problem. She should be able to help you.

2. He can't play tennis very well now but he could do it quite well when he was younger.

3. Derek had to work late at the office last night. There was an important job to do.

4. Chris has to get up early tomorrow morning.

5. When I was a child, I could go to bed as late as I wanted.

II. Вставьте подходящий модальный глагол: ought to, must или can

1. You ___be very proud of your son winning so many prizes.

2. ___you help me with these letters?

3. Do you think I___take him a present?

III. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. We admired figure-skaters performing beautifully.

2. He refused to go for a walk being busy.

8. A broken vase was brought to the lady.

IV. Определите причастия настоящего и прошедшего времени (Participle I, Participle II) в предложении.

1. The friends were silent, only sometimes pronouncing a word.

2. Strictly speaking, it is not what I wanted to say.

3. She was surprised, as if told something unusual.

V. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. She insisted on his going to the cinema.

2. He tried to avoid answering my questions.

3. The teacher objected to our missing classes.

VI. Определите, каким членом предложения является герундий:

1. Watching TV does not do you any good.

2. Could you please stop making so much noise?

3. There is a little difficulty in translating this article.

VII. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. It was too late, so we decided to take a taxi.

2. They seem to have plenty of money.

3. Don't forget to post the letter I gave you.

VIII. Определите, каким членом предложения является инфинитив:

1. There was a lot of traffic but we managed to get to the airport in time.

2. Can you show me how to use this washing machine?

3. It is difficult to do this exercise.

IX. Поставьте глагол в правильную форму - герундий или инфинитив.

1. They denied stealing / to steal the money.

2. I don't enjoy driving / to drive very much.

3. I can't afford going / to go out. I haven't got enough money.

X. Прочитайте текст и выполните задание после него: