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Jerome's Life
Jerome was still a struggling unknown when he confided to his friend George Wingrave that he had four ambitions in life:
· To edit a successful journal.
· To write a successful play.
· To write a successful book.
· To become a Member of Parliament.
Only the last eluded him. Not a bad achievement, especially when you consider Jerome's background, one that did not exactly augur success, certainly not in a theatrical or literary career, let alone as the author of a comic masterpiece that has become among the most enduring and endearing books in the English language.
As a minister and part-time farmer in Appledore, Devon, Jerome Senior was comfortably off and well-respected. It was after some unsuccessful speculative mining on his land that things began to go wrong. When he moved to Walsall, Staffordshire, in 1854 and became first a partner in an iron works and then ventured into coal mining, things went horribly wrong.
Jerome Klapka Jerome was born into this unorthodox, highly-religious family on 2nd May 1859. He had three exotically-named older siblings: his two sisters Paulina Deodata and Blandina Dominica, and a brother, Milton Melancthon, who was born in 1855 and died of the croup aged six.
Jerome Jerome pиre boasted the unusual middle name of Clapp (in fact he dropped 'Jerome' and was known to his congregation as 'Parson Clapp'). It might be thought that 'Klapka' was derived from that, but no. General George Klapka, the young hero of the 1849 Hungarian War of Independence, had left his country for Britain and was commissioned to write his autobiography. Needing somewhere quiet, he had accepted the invitation of Rev. Jerome to stay and become a family friend. JKJ was named en hommage. To avoid confusion between the two Jerome Jeromes, however, JKJ was known in the family as 'Luther'.
The year of his birth saw the family plunge from tottering financial stability to total ruin. Jerome Senior's coal-mining venture, into which he pumped the remainder of his wife's estate, proved a disaster. He was forced to sell up and move the family to Stourbridge. Now desperate for money he went alone to London and bought a failed ironmongery business in Limehouse. He lived in Poplar for two years before sending for his family to join him. It was here, in London's East End, that JKJ spent his childhood - in abject poverty.
Just before his tenth birthday he gained admission to the Philological School in Lisson Grove. Three years later his father died and at the age of fourteen JKJ left school to begin a succession of jobs, first as a clerk on the London and North Western Railway at Euston. The same year his mother died. By now his sisters had left home and Jerome, at fifteen, was completely alone. But Blandina had fired her young brother with a fascination for the theatre. He became involved with a stage company and eventually chucked the railway in favour of 'the life whose glorious uncertainty almost rivals that of the turf.' Jerome made his professional debut at the age of eighteen under the name of Harold Crichton, touring the country with a succession of third-rate outfits.
Three years hard labour on the road left him demoralised and disillusioned. By the time he was in his mid-twenties, he was at the bottom of the social pile, penniless and living in dosshouses. He drifted into journalism, spending all his spare time writing short stories, essays and satires... and getting rejected. Next he tried school-mastering in Clapham, then worked in turn for an illiterate north London builder, as a buyer and packer for some commission agents, for a firm of parliamentary agents and ended up as a solicitor's clerk, with vague thoughts of training for the law. Nothing gelled.
Then, inspired by one of Longfellow's poems from 'By the Fireside' (with the curious title of Gaspar Becerra), Jerome had the idea of writing about his experiences as an actor. The result was On the Stage - and Off, The Brief Career of a Would-Be Actor. After several publications had supplied him with the familiar rejection slips, a new magazine came up trumps: The Play, edited by a retired actor, Aylmer Gowing. In 1885 the work was published in book form. It remains one of the most detailed, absorbing (and under-rated) portraits of late-Victorian theatre life. It is also very funny.
A collection of humorous essays followed, The Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow (1886). Two years later he married Georgina Elizabeth Henrietta Stanley Marris, known by her pet name of Ettie. She was the daughter of a Spanish soldier and, when Jerome first met her, married to a Mr Marris with a five-year old daughter, also christened Georgina but known as Elsie. Georgina filed for divorce, it became absolute on 12 June 1888 and Jerome and she were married nine days later. They were both twenty-nine years old. The honeymoon was spent on the Thames and Jerome began writing Three Men In A Boat on his return.
The book appeared in 1889 and made him rich and famous. In one leap he was made for life, part of the literary establishment, sitting above the salt with a loosely-knit circle of friends who included Eden Phillpotts, J.M. Barrie, Rider Haggard, H.G.Wells, Conan Doyle, W.W.Jacobs, Hall Caine, Thomas Hardy, Israel Zangwill and Rudyard Kipling.
The Diary of a Pilgrimage (a trip to Oberammergau to see the Passion Play) followed Boat, then collections of short stories and essays at the rate of nearly one a year until Three Men on the Bummel (1900) in which George, Harris and J made their second and final appearance together. Only a dozen or so titles were published after that, the most distinguished of which is his autobiographical novel Paul Kelver (1902), widely-praised at the time and, indeed, considered by some critics worthy to be put alongside Dickens.
Three Men In A Boat so overwhelms the mention of Jerome's name that his other achievements remain quite obscured. There was Jerome the dramatist: between his first book and his most famous, he had four plays produced in London and wrote a further fifteen, many of them achieving respectable runs in London and America. By far the most celebrated and successful of these was The Passing of the Third Floor Back (1908), in which a charismatic Christ-like Stranger visits a run-down boarding house and transforms the lives of its inhabitants. The first production starred the greatest Hamlet of his day, Sir Johnson Forbes-Robertson. It was a huge hit and, though its maudlin sentiment renders it unperformable today, it continued to be revived well into the 1960s.
There was Jerome the editor and prolific columnist: he was preferred to Kipling as the chief of a new monthly magazine called The Idler, founded in 1892. The following year JKJ founded the weekly To-Day which survived till 1905. Both of these he edited until 1898 when the enormous costs incurred after losing a libel case (his opponent was awarded a farthing damages) necessitated selling his interests in both publications.
Jerome was much in demand as a lecturer, an occupation which complimented his love of travel, and we find him quite at home in Russia, America and especially Germany. His own daughter Rowena was born in 1898 (like her father, she too was to have a brief stage career) and in 1900 he moved the whole family to Dresden for two years. The First World War came as a terrible blow to him. At the age of 57, rejected by his own country for active service, he enlisted in the French army as a front line ambulance driver. When he returned home, his secretary wrote, "the old Jerome had gone. In his place was a stranger. He was a broken man." Another black event was the death of his stepdaughter Elsie in 1921 at the early age of thirty-eight. She, his beloved Ettie and Rowena receive barely a mention in his autobiography. That part of his life he preferred to keep private. My Life and Times (1926), though frustratingly short on domestic details and with no attempt at chronology, is among Jerome's most vital and entertaining books, his personality imprinted on every page.
He and Ettie were on a motoring tour returning to London from Devon via (in typical Three Men fashion) Cheltenham and Northampton when Jerome suffered a paralytic stroke and a cerebral haemorrhage. He lingered on in the Northampton General Hospital for two weeks, unable to move or speak, before dying on 14 June 1927.
His wife outlived him by eleven years. Rowena, who never married, died in 1966, the last surviving member of that branch of the Jerome family. JKJ, Ettie, Elsie and Jerome's sister Blandina lie side by side in the beautiful churchyard of Ewelme, Oxfordshire, not far from the River Thames.
A first edition of
Three Men in a Boat
Задания по главам 1-3 Jerome K. Jerome “Three Men in a Boat”
I. Please, find the Russian equivalents for the following words and expressions:
| Chapter I | Chapter II | Chapter III |
| 1) fits of giddiness (p.5*)с – приступы головокружения 2) to be impelled to the conclusion – подталкивать на заключение, вывод 3) to suffer from a disease – страдать от болезни(болезнью) 4) virulent – опасный, смертельный 5) ailment – нездоровье, болезнь 6) to treat, treatment – лечить, лечение, средства 7) to plunge into(втягиваться, вовлекаться) devastating(ужасный) scourge(бич) 8) in the listlessness of despair –в отчаянии 9) to ponder (p.6) - обдумывать 10) a malignant stage – болезненная, опасная стадия 11) remedy, to find a remedy (p.8) –лекарство, средство от болезни 12) to restore mental equilibrium (p.8) – восстановить психическое равновесие 13) to offer at a tremendous reduction (p.9) - предлагать по огромной скидке 14) to be a hearty eater (p.10)- быть любителем поесть 15) to live on smth (p.10) – жить на что-то, средства 16) to set one’s face against smth (p.11) быть против чего-либо 17) to do smth on purpose (p.11) делать что-л нарочно, намеренно 18) to have a headache, toothache etc. (p.11) – иметь головную боль, боль в животе 19) to be seasick, airsick, etc. иметь морскую болезнь(p.12) 20) to discover an excellent preventive against smth (p.12) –найти превосходное средство против чего-л 21) to give smb bad/ good appetite (p.12) cодействовать возникновению хорошего аппетита | 1) to fade from smth (p.13) исчезать, блёкнуть из-за чего-л., от чего-л. 2) to get a drop of smth (p.14) –выпить глоток чего-л. 3) to come as a very practical hint - быть практичным , уместным замечанием, 4) to lug out smth (p.15) выволакивать, вытаскивать 5) a Herculean task трудное задание 6) to be rich in smth – быть насыщенным чем-либо 7) to induce smb to do smth – заставить кого-л. Сделать что-л. 8) to restore smth to smb – возвращать что-л. Кому-л, восстанавливать 9) to sell smth dearly (p.16) – продавать дорого 10) a life-and-death struggle борьба не на жизнь, а на смерть 11) to dawn on smb – осенить, озарить кого-л 12) owing to smth – из-за, вследствии 13) to feel quarrelsome – быть раздражительным 14) to feel inclined for a change –быть расположенным к изменениям 15) to hail the compromise with much approval - безоговорочно одобрить компромисс 16) to live at one’s expense жить за чей-то счёт 17) to summon, summons (p.17) – вызывать в суд 18) ferocious – свирепый, дикий 19) disresputable - пользующийся дурной репутацией, имеющий дурную славу 20) to adjourn – откладывать, переносить | 1) to take the burden of smth (p.18) взять на себя бремя 2) commotion up and down a house – суматоха, суеты по всему дому 3) to undertake smth – брать на себя что-л. 4) to grovel(унижаться) for smth (p.19) – рыскать в посиках чего-л. 5) to gape round – зевать? 6) to make arrangements (p.20) - принимать меры; делать приготовления 7) indispensable – необходимое, обязательное 8) to be on the wrong track – быть на неверном пути, 9) swell friends (p.21) – светские, щегольские знакомые 10) to fasten from stem to stern (p.22) – прикрепить от носа до кормы(во всю длину лодки) 11) to have a dip - окунаться в море 12) to plunge into smth (p.23) - окунаться 13) to withdraw one’s opposition – взять назад свои возражения 14) a miserable impostor – жалкий обманщик 15) to anticipate - предвосхищать |
*pages are indicated in accordance with the following edition: “Three Men in a Boat to say nothing of the Dog”, Jerome K.Jerome, Wordsworth Classics, Great Britain, Mackays of Chatham plc, Chatham, Kent 1993
II. Please, translate the following extracts into Russian
Chapter I. (three paragraphs)
“I remember going to the British Museum one day to read up the treatment for some ailment of which (p.5)…. Я помню, как-то раз я зашел в библиотеку Британского музея, чтобы навести справку о средстве против пустячной болезни, которую я где-то подцепил,-- кажется, сенной лихорадки.
…..There were no more diseases after zymosis, so I concluded there was nothing else the matter with me. (p.6)” После этой инфекционной болезни больше ничего не было, поэтому я решил, что мне больше ничего не угрожаетю
Chapter II. (four paragraphs)
“At last, somehow or order, it does get up, and you land the things (p.15)…. В конце концов палатка кое-как установлена, и вы втаскиваете в нее пожитки.
…..Two feet off you dimly observe a half-dressed ruffian, waiting to kill you, and you are preparing for a life-and-death struggle with him, when it begins to dawn on you that it’s Jim.(p.16)” . Вы различаете в двух шагах от себя полураздетого бандита, который подстерегает вас, чтобы убить, и вы готовы к борьбе не на жизнь, а на смерть, и вдруг вас осеняет, что это Джим.
Chapter III. (three paragraphs)
“George said:
‘You know we are on the wrong track altogether (p.20)…. Джордж сказал:
-- Так ничего не выйдет. Нужно думать не о том, что нам может пригодиться, а только о том, без чего мы не сможем обойтись.
….. –the dread of what will my neighbour think, with luxuries that only cloy, with pleasures that bore, with empty show that, like the criminal’s iron crown of yore, makes the bleed and swoon the aching head that wears it!(p.21)” и -- самый громоздкий и бессмысленный хлам!--опасение, что о вас подумает ваш сосед; тут роскошь, вызывающая только пресыщение; удовольствия, набивающие оскомину; показная красота, подобная тому орудию пытки в виде железного венца, который в древние времена надевали на преступника и от которого нестерпимо болела и кровоточила голова.
III. Please, translate into English
Если вы хотите погрузиться в настоящую сказку, которая перенесет вас в мир средневековых страстей и интриг, вам обязательно рекомендуется посетить жемчужину Баварии—замок Нойшванштайн. If you want to plunge into a real fairy-tale, which will transfer yo Благодаря своему необычному стилю жизни и страстную тягу к строительству этот красивы и одинокий монарх вошел в историю под именем «Сказочного короля». Он много размышлял под музыку своего любимого композитора Вагнера над легендами и традициями, уходящими в сказания о Чаше Грааля и подвигах Парсифаля. Воодушевленный своими мечтами, он всю жизнь стремился воплотить свои сказочные фантазии в жизнь, строя замки в романтическом стиле. Архитектор Эдуард Ридель и художники Кристиан Янк и Георг Долльман великолепно справились с непосильной задачей—создать мечту в камне. Пройдя по залам и комнатам замка, каждый посетитель должен прийти к выводу, что все они посвящены определенным событиям, описанных в средневековых эпосах и все устроено так, чтобы человек почувствовал себя частью сказки. К сожалению, бремя оплаты этого роскошного строительства легло на плечи правительства Баварии, и это вызвало споры между королем и представителями правительства. В конечном итоге, им не удалось прийти к компромиссу. Расстроенный король заболел, приступы головокружения, отсутствие аппетита, странные болезни, от которых невозможно было найти лекарства. В итоге, 9 июня 1886г. Государственная комиссия прибыла в соседний замок с полномочиями взять короля под опеку. Три дня спустя король отправился в свой последний путь из Нойшваштайна в замок Берн, и 13 июня он утонул при невыясненных обстоятельствах в озере Штарнбергер Зее. Никто не мог предположить, что жизнь короля окончится так печально. До сих пор многие пытаются расследовать происшествия тех далеких дней.
IV. Please, answer the following questions:
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